Ultrasound Evaluations of Diaphragm and Intercostal Muscle to Predict the Failure of High-Flow Nasal Cannula Therapy

Ultrasound Evaluations of Diaphragm and Intercostal Muscle to Predict the Failure of High-Flow Nasal Cannula Therapy

The study aims to predict the failure of High-flow Nasal Cannula oxygenation therapy by ultrasound evaluation of diaphragm and intercostal muscle contraction during the first 24 hours.

Inclusion Criteria:

• more than 18 years old
• needing High-flow Nasal Cannula oxygenation therapy

Exclusion Criteria:

• received mechanical ventilation, including invasive or noninvasive ventilation within one month prior to enrollment
• history of neuromuscular disorders (e.g., myasthenia gravis, Guillain-Barre syndrome);
• immediate endotracheal intubation is required (life-threatening hypoxemia)
• extensive damage to the thoracic skin (e.g., burns) unable to undergo ultrasonography
• pregnancy
• attending physician deemed it inappropriate to participate in the trial.