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The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical effect of Chitosan with nano-hydroxyapatite hydrogel in the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects.
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammation of the periodontium that extends beyond the gingiva and involves the destruction of the connective tissue attachment of the teeth.
Treatment modalities of periodontitis includes local drug delivery such as chitosan which is a derivative of the exoskeleton of many arthropods including prawns, lobsters and crabs.
Chitosan has been used in guided bone regeneration, hemostasis of surgical wounds, and coating of dental implants, in reconstruction of temporomandibular joint disc and guided periodontal tissue regeneration. Moreover, chitosan has been used for preventing demineralization.
HA also called hydroxylapatite, is a naturally occurring mineral form of calcium apatite with the formula Ca5(PO4)3(OH). The OH- ion can be replaced by fluoride, and carbonate, producing fluorapatite or chlorapatite. It crystallizes in the hexagonal crystal system.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group I (nano-HAP/Chitosan hydrogel): | Experimental | The periodontal pockets more than or equal 3-5mm were isolated. Chitosan and nano-HAP hydrogel were prepared in the same steps that were mentioned in the methodology and then the prepared gel was applied to the test site of patients with the deepest probing pocket measurement once per week for 3 weeks. Periodontal dressing (Coe-pack) was to secure the hydrogel in place. |
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| Group II | No Intervention | Patients were treated with supra and sub-gingival debridement only. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nano-HAP/Chitosan hydrogel | Other | The periodontal pockets more than or equal 3-5mm were isolated. Chitosan and nano-HAP hydrogel were prepared in the same steps that were mentioned in the methodology and then the prepared gel was applied to the test site of patients with the deepest probing pocket measurement once per week for 3 weeks. Periodontal dressing (Coe-pack) was to secure the hydrogel in place. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Gingival index | Gingival index (GI) used for the assessment of prevalence and severity of gingivitis. A score from 0 to 3 is given to each area of the tooth.0.1-1.0 = mild inflammation; 1.1-2.0 = moderate inflammation from, and 2.1-3.0 signifies severe inflammation. It was evaluated for every patient included in the study, 3 and at 6 months after treatment. | 6 months after treatment |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Plaque index | Plaque index (PI) was used to assess oral hygiene where 0 = no plaque. 1 = separate flecks of plaque at the cervical margin of the tooth. 2 = a thin continuous band of plaque (up to 1 mm) at the cervical margin of the tooth. It was evaluated for every patient included in the study, 3 and at 6 months after treatment. | 6 months after treatment |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| October 6 University | Giza | 12511 | Egypt |
The data will be available upon a reasonable request from the corresponding author after the end of study for one year.
After the end of study for one year.
The data will be available upon a reasonable request from the corresponding author.
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| Clinical attachment level | Clinical attachment level (CAL) was evaluated for every patient included in the study, 3 and at 6 months after treatment. | 6 months after treatment |
| Periodontal probing depth | Periodontal probing depth (PD) (referred to as pocket depth if periodontal disease is present) is the distance from the gingival margin to the apical portion of the gingival sulcus. Probing depths in healthy gingival sulci normally range from 1 to 3 mm. It was evaluated for every patient included in the study, 3 and at 6 months after treatment. | 6 months after treatment |
| Acrylic stent for pocket assessment | Acrylic stent for pocket assessment was evaluated for every patient included in the study, 3 and at 6 months after treatment. | 6 months after treatment |