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Introduction and Objectives:IPF, characterized by shortness of breath and progressive deterioration in lung function.Baduanjin (BJ) is a mindbody health exercise that combines physical exercise with psychological properties to maximize both physical and mental health.The aim of the study is to investigate the effectiveness of these exercises in patients with IPF and to present an alternative in terms of the applicability of BJ exercises as a new treatment method
Methods: 28 volunteers were invited to the study.These patients were randomly divided into 2 groups.The subjects in the exercise group were given 24 sessions of supervised online BJ exercise training, 3 days a week, for 8 weeks. The patients included in the control group did not receive any training during the 8 week period
Introduction and Objectives: Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a disease with a poor prognosis that causes fibrosis in the interstitial space of the lungs, characterized by shortness of breath and progressive deterioration in lung function. The main purpose of this randomized controlled study is to investigate the effectiveness of applying Baduanjin exercise training for 8 weeks, which has previously been shown to be effective in other patient groups, on respiratory functions (%FVC, FEV1, FEV1%), respiratory muscle strength (MIP and MEP) and quality of life (SGRQ) in patients with IPF. It is planned to be used as a new treatment method in this patient group. It is to offer an alternative in terms of the applicability of Baduanjin exercises.
Methods: Twenty eight volunteers were invited to the study. These patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. The subjects in the exercise group were given 24 sessions of supervised online Baduanjin exercise training, 3 days a week for 8 weeks, and the patients also did Baduanjin exercise 1 day a week at home unattended. The first evaluation, follow-up and final evaluation of the patients included in the control group were performed; In addition to their sociodemographic characteristics, functional exercise capacity, respiratory muscle strength and respiratory functions, quality of life were evaluated before and after treatment.
Keywords: Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, Baduanjin exercise, Functional capacity, Respiratory functions, Quality of Life
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| intervention Group | Experimental | The subjects in the intervention group were given 24 sessions of supervised online Baduanjin exercise training |
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| Control Group | No Intervention |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baduanjin Exercise | Other | Baduanjin exercise training program was applied to the subjects in the exercise group, 3 days a week, 5 minutes each with warm-up and cool-down exercises, for a total of 24 sessions, 60 minutes each, under supervision, online, via the ZOOM application, for 8 weeks. In addition, the patients did the exercises unsupervised at home once a week. The patients' first sessions were held in the hospital |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Functional capacity | Functional exercise capacity was evaluated with the six-minute walking test (6MWT). Participants rested in a sitting position for 10 minutes before starting the test. Participants were then explained the test protocol and asked to walk as far as possible without running in a 30-meter straight corridor for six minutes. At the end of the test, the evaluations made before the test were repeated and the six-minute walking distance (6MWD) was recorded in meters | Baseline of the study and 8 weeks after intervention |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pulmonary Function Tests | Pulmonary function tests were performed using standard references. Portable spirometry (Spirobank II; MIR, Rome, Italy) was utilized to assess pulmonary functions. The assessments adhered to the standards outlined by the American Thoracic Society (ATS) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS) guidelines, with measurements expressed as percentages of predicted values. The following parameters related to pulmonary function were measured: Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1). |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| İstanbul University - Cerrahpaşa | Istanbul | Fatih | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 31613151 | Background | Graham BL, Steenbruggen I, Miller MR, Barjaktarevic IZ, Cooper BG, Hall GL, Hallstrand TS, Kaminsky DA, McCarthy K, McCormack MC, Oropez CE, Rosenfeld M, Stanojevic S, Swanney MP, Thompson BR. Standardization of Spirometry 2019 Update. An Official American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society Technical Statement. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2019 Oct 15;200(8):e70-e88. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201908-1590ST. | |
| 12186831 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D054990 | Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011658 | Pulmonary Fibrosis |
| D017563 | Lung Diseases, Interstitial |
| D008171 | Lung Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015444 | Exercise |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
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| Baseline of the study and 8 weeks after intervention |
| Pulmonary Function Tests | Pulmonary function tests were performed using standard references. Portable spirometry (Spirobank II; MIR, Rome, Italy) was utilized to assess pulmonary functions. The assessments adhered to the standards outlined by the American Thoracic Society (ATS) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS) guidelines, with measurements expressed as percentages of predicted values. The following parameters related to pulmonary function were measured: Forced vital capacity (FVC). | Baseline of the study and 8 weeks after intervention |
| Pulmonary Function Tests | Pulmonary function tests were performed using standard references. Portable spirometry (Spirobank II; MIR, Rome, Italy) was utilized to assess pulmonary functions. The assessments adhered to the standards outlined by the American Thoracic Society (ATS) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS) guidelines, with measurements expressed as percentages of predicted values. The following parameters related to pulmonary function were measured: Peak expiratory flow (PEF). | Baseline of the study and 8 weeks after intervention |
| Pulmonary Function Tests | Pulmonary function tests were performed using standard references. Portable spirometry (Spirobank II; MIR, Rome, Italy) was utilized to assess pulmonary functions. The assessments adhered to the standards outlined by the American Thoracic Society (ATS) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS) guidelines, with measurements expressed as percentages of predicted values. The following parameters related to pulmonary function were measured: Forced mid-expiratory flow (FEF). | Baseline of the study and 8 weeks after intervention |
| Respiratory muscle strength | Respiratory muscle strengths (intraoral pressure measurement) were performed using standard references. Maximal inspiratory pressures (MIP) were utilized to assess the strength of the respiratory muscles. Participants; MIP were measured and documented according to ATS/ERS criteria using a portable MicroRPM device (Micro Medical, Basingstoke, UK) . The highest of the at least three measurements exhibiting a difference between them of no more than 5 cm H2O is documented for MIP. Determination of predicted value for MIP was made according to the definitions put forward by Black and Hyatt. | Baseline of the study and 8 weeks after intervention |
| Respiratory muscle strength | Respiratory muscle strengths (intraoral pressure measurement) were performed using standard references. Maximal expiratory pressures (MEP) were utilized to assess the strength of the respiratory muscles. Participants; MEP were measured and documented according to ATS/ERS criteria using a portable MicroRPM device (Micro Medical, Basingstoke, UK) . The highest of the at least three measurements exhibiting a difference between them of no more than 5 cm H2O is documented for MEP. Determination of predicted value for MEP was made according to the definitions put forward by Black and Hyatt. | Baseline of the study and 8 weeks after intervention |
| St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire | Quality of life was measured with using Saint George Respiratory Questionaire (SGRQ), SGRQ, a 76-question form which includes dimensions for SGRQ activity, SGRQ impact, SGRQ symptoms, and SGRQ total. Scale (score 0-100, where 100 is the worst). All assessments were performed for the same patient at similar times of the day. | Baseline of the study and 8 weeks after intervention |
| Background |
| American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society. ATS/ERS Statement on respiratory muscle testing. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002 Aug 15;166(4):518-624. doi: 10.1164/rccm.166.4.518. No abstract available. |
| 5772056 | Background | Black LF, Hyatt RE. Maximal respiratory pressures: normal values and relationship to age and sex. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1969 May;99(5):696-702. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1969.99.5.696. No abstract available. |
| 41184899 | Derived | Atmaca SN, Demir R, Mustafaoglu R, Atahan E. The effect of Baduanjin exercises on the functional capacity, respiratory function, and quality of life of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a randomized controlled trial. Biopsychosoc Med. 2025 Nov 3;19(1):24. doi: 10.1186/s13030-025-00346-8. |