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The goal of this observational study is to develop and evaluate a virtual teaching method for minimally invasive surgery (MIS) skills among novice learners, using widely available technology and incorporating objective assessments of proficiency. The main questions it aims to answer are:
Can MIS skills be effectively taught to novice learners through a virtual platform using widely available technology? How do virtual and face-to-face (F2F) teaching methods compare in terms of effectiveness, measured by performance in MIS tasks and cognitive workload parameters?
Participants in this study will:
Be randomly allocated to either F2F or virtual teaching groups. Undergo training and evaluation using validated laparoscopic assessments, namely the McGill Inanimate System for Training and Evaluation of Laparoscopic Skills (MISTELS) peg transfer task and the European Academy laparoscopic 'Suturing Training and Testing' (SUTT) assessment.
Have their performance and cognitive workload parameters (SURG-TLX score, heart rate, and pupil metrics) evaluated during the tasks.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Face-to-face teaching | Active Comparator | Face-to-face teaching of laparoscopic skills |
|
| Virtual teaching | Experimental | Virtual teaching of laparoscopic skills |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual teaching | Other | Virtual teaching of laparoscopic skills |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| McGill Inanimate System for Training and Evaluation of Laparoscopic Skills (MISTELS) peg transfer task score | Time to completion of task (minutes) | Two days |
| European Academy laparoscopic 'Suturing Training and Testing' (SUTT) assessment score | Time to completion of task (minutes) | Two days |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| SURG-TLX score | Workload score ranging from 0 to 100 | Two days |
| Heart rate | Beats per minute | Two days |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| St Mary's Hospital | London | W2 1NY | United Kingdom |
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Participants are randomly allocated to either face-to-face or virtual teaching groups
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| Pupil metrics | Mean pupil size (mm) and blinks per minute | Two days |