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Thirty children with special needs were included in the study. Participants engaged in group exercises twice a week for four weeks, including warm-up and cool-down periods, with the goal of improving balance. The participants' balance was assessed using the Bruininks-Oseretsky Motor Proficiency Test Short Form (Balance Parameters), Pediatric Balance Scale; functional mobility was evaluated using the Timed Up and Go Test, and attention level was assessed using the Stroop Test before and after the intervention.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group Exercise | Experimental |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group Exercise | Other | The children with special needs included in the study were included in group exercises for 45 minutes 2 days a week in groups of 10 children each. Group exercises were planned as balance and coordination exercises including warm-up and cool-down periods. In the warm-up and cool-down periods, counting in place and balance exercises were performed. The exercises included tasks such as side walking, tandem walking, walking on a balance board, walking in a figure 8, walking over obstacles, throwing a ball to the person next to him/her while passing through cones, and throwing a ball by jumping while passing through cones.The exercises were made more difficult by following a progressive method every 2 weeks. The exercises were performed in 3 sets of 5 repetitions under the supervision of a physiotherapist. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Bruininks-Oseretsky Motor Competence Test Short Form Balance Subtest (Balance Subtest of BOT 2-KF) |
| Baseline and after the interventions (4th week) |
| Paediatric Balance Scale | The version consisting of 14 sections and each section scored between 0-4 is used to evaluate the balance status of the participants. | Baseline and after the interventions (4th week) |
| Functional Reach Test | The participant is asked to reach as far as he/she can horizontally at the level of a tape measure fixed to the wall with arms at 90 flexion. The test is repeated 3 times and the measurements are averaged. | Baseline and after the interventions (4th week) |
| Timed Up and Go Test | It will be applied to assess balance and functional ambulation. The participant is asked to get up from a chair, walk 3 metres, turn around and sit down again. The time it took to complete the test will be recorded. | Baseline and after the interventions (4th week) |
| Stroop Test |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Gokce Kartal, PT | Marmara University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marmara University | Istanbul | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002658 | Developmental Disabilities |
| D001321 | Autistic Disorder |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D065886 | Neurodevelopmental Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D000067877 | Autism Spectrum Disorder |
| D002659 | Child Development Disorders, Pervasive |
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The Stroop Test is among the neuropsychological tests frequently used to assess attention level and executive functions in children. Participants' time to complete the test is recorded.
| Baseline and after the interventions (4th week) |