This study aims to evaluate the effect of probiotics 7 days before cesarean section (CS) on postoperative recovery and the change of gut microbiota in pregnant women. Samples were obtained from a total of 202 pregnant individuals, divided into control group and probiotics group. Anal exhaust time and first defecating time were set as the primary outcome of recovery of CS.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Chinese woman who is pregnant with a single fetus
• Pregnant women who planned to perform lower section of uterus due to social factors, relative head basin asymmetry, macrosomia, cicatricial uterus and other reasons.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Gastrointestinal disease or family history
• Antibiotic usage during pregnancy
• Habit of eating foods with high probiotic content such as yogurt and cheese during pregnancy
• Take other probiotics or probiotic drinks during pregnancy regularly
• Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, Autoimmune Disease, or Other Endocrine and Metabolic Disease
• Transfusion History, Organ Transplantation History or Immunotherapy
• Gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, gestational thyroid dysfunction and other endocrine and metabolic diseases occurred during this pregnancy.