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To date, the anti-gravity treadmill, as a representative method of lower body positive pressure treadmills, has been rarely reported for knee osteoarthritis rehabilitation.
Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the effect of antigravity treadmill training on pain, gait characteristics, and function in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
The study included 40 patients with knee osteoarthritis who were randomly assigned to one of two groups: the antigravity treadmill group (n=20) or the control group (n=20 ). For 12 weeks, the antigravity treadmill group received training on the Alter G treadmill (75% weight-bearing, 30 minutes per session, three times per week) combined with traditional physical therapy. During the same period, the control group received only traditional physical therapy. The Visual Analogue Scale, Walkway System, and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index were used to assess pain, spatiotemporal gait parameters, and patient function, respectively. All outcome measures were obtained pretreatment, post-treatment, and 3 months follow-up assessment.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| control group | Experimental | The control group received a conventional physical therapy program. |
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| study group | Experimental | Conversely, in addition to the conventional physical therapy program provided to the control group, the antigravity treadmill group underwent antigravity treadmill training using the Alter G device. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| antigravity treadmill | Other | An Alter G treadmill (Alter G Pro 200, Alter G Inc, USA) was used to provide training to the patients in the antigravity treadmill group. The Alter G allows the patient to change their body weight from 20% to 100% in 1% increments. The air pressure inside the lower body positive pressure chamber can be adjusted from 0 to 2.0 kilopascal above atmospheric pressure. They are very comfortable to train in for long periods of time and have simple controls for adjusting body weight, speed, and inclination. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Assessment of patient pain | The visual analogue scale is a reliable, valid, responsive, and frequently used pain outcome measure. It consists of a bidirectional 10 cm straight line with two labels, that is, "no pain" and "worst possible pain", located at either end of the line. Patients are instructed to draw a vertical mark on the line indicating their pain level. | Pre and post 3 months intervention period |
| Evaluation of gait parameters (step length) | Gait parameters were measured using walkway System. The researcher assessed step length in centimeters | Pre and post 3 months intervention period |
| Evaluation of gait parameters (step time) | Gait parameters were measured using walkway System. The researcher assessed step time in seconds | Pre and post 3 months intervention period |
| Evaluation of gait parameters (velocity) | Gait parameters were measured using walkway System. The researcher assessed velocity which is measured in centimeter/second | Pre and post 3 months intervention period |
| Evaluation of patient function | The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index was used for assessing activities of daily living, functional mobility, gait, general health, and quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis. It has a total of 24 items and three subscales, namely pain (5 items), stiffness (2 items), and function (17 items), scored on a five-point ordinal scale, 0 - none, 1 - mild, 2 - moderate, 3 - severe, and 4 - extremely severe. Higher scores indicate worse pain, stiffness, and functional limitations. | Pre and post 3 months intervention period |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion criteria
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020370 | Osteoarthritis, Knee |
| D010003 | Osteoarthritis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001168 | Arthritis |
| D007592 | Joint Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
| D012216 | Rheumatic Diseases |
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The study included 40 patients with knee osteoarthritis who were randomly assigned to one of two groups: the antigravity treadmill group (n=20) or the control group (n=20). For 12 weeks, the antigravity treadmill group received training on the Alter G treadmill (75% weight-bearing, 30 minutes per session, three times per week) combined with traditional physical therapy. During the same period, the control group received only traditional physical therapy. The Visual Analogue Scale, Walkway System, and the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index were used to assess pain, spatiotemporal gait parameters, and patient function, respectively. All outcome measures were obtained pretreatment, post-treatment
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Patients were randomly assigned to either the antigravity treadmill group (n = 20) or the control group (n = 20 ) using an online randomization website (www.randomization.com). The control group received a conventional physical therapy program. The therapists responsible for measuring and assessing the outcomes remained blinded to the group assignments.
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| physical therapy exercise program | Other | Both groups received the same traditional physical therapy program for 12 weeks, three times a week, for 30 min each. The conventional physical therapy treatment consisted of acupuncture transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, Hot moist pack, Ultrasound and quadriceps setting |
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