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This study was planned to investigate the effectiveness of combined exercise training, that is, functional inspiratory muscle training, with breathing exercises to be applied with a portable, easy-to-use respiratory muscle strengthening device, on exercise capacity and peripheral muscle strength.
Forty-five Individuals will be randomly divided into three groups:
Functional IMT Group (n:15): will receive functional inspiratory muscle training (exercise + 50% of MIP) IMT Group I (n:15): will recieve inspiratory muscle training (50% of MIP ) Control group (n:15): will recieve breathing exercises training
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Functional IMT Group | Experimental | Functional IMT Group (n:15) : will recieve functional inspiratory muscle training (exercise + 50% of MIP) |
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| IMT Group | Active Comparator | IMT Group I (n:15): will recieve inspiratory muscle training (50% of MIP ) |
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| Control group | Experimental | Control group (n:15): will recieve breathing exercises training |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inspiratory muscle training with device | Device | : A randomized, controlled three-arm study. Forty-five patients with HT randomized three group: Group 1 will receive IMT (7 days/8 weeks) with function and POWERbreatheĀ® Classic LR device, group 2 will reviece only IMT with 50 % maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), n: 15) and control group will recieve breathing exercises(7 days/8 weeks). |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change of the exercise capacity from baseline to 8 week | Exercise capacity was evaluated with the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT). ATS (American Thoracic Society) criteria were taken into consideration and the subjects rested for at least half an hour before starting the test. Participants walked briskly at their own walking pace for 6 minutes on a 30-meter straight corridor. The distance reached at the end of the test was recorded in meters. | from baseline to 8 week |
| Change of the peripheral muscle strenght from baseline to 8 week | Peripheral muscle strength and hand grip strength were evaluated with a portable dynamometer and the values obtained were recorded in Newton (N)/kgF/Pascal. Peripheral muscle strength was measured seated, employing a hand-held dynamometer (JTECH Power Track Commander, Baltimore, MD, USA). This device, known for its portability and cost-effectiveness, serves as an alternative to isokinetic machines and offers greater sensitivity in detecting changes in muscle strength compared to manual muscle tests. Respiratory muscle strength 'maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) and expiratory pressure (MEP)' will calculate with a portable, electronic mouth pressure measuring device. | from baseline to 8 week |
| change of the upper extremity exercise capacity from baseline to 8 week | 6PBRT is a test used to evaluate unsupported upper extremity exercise capacity. Participants will be asked to sit in an adjustable-height chair. The pegboard will be placed within arm's reach of the person. Participants will be asked to attach a total of 20 rings, 32 rings, 10 on each iron rod, located at both shoulder levels, to the iron rods 20 centimeters above, as quickly as possible, using both arms simultaneously, for six minutes, and then to attach and remove them again to the iron rods below. | from baseline to 8 week |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| change of the postural balance from baseline to 8 week | Timed Up and Go test (TUG): It measures the time it takes for the patient to get up from the chair, walk 3 m, turn around and sit down in the same chair again. The TUG test is a simple test used to evaluate postural mobility | from baseline to 8 week |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
6. Congestive heart therapy; 7. Unstable angina; 8. or lung disease of any etiology (including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease); 9. Active smokers 10. Patients under 18 years of age 11. Pregnant women 12. Those with Active Infection 13. Those with Known Malignancy
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Ä°rem HĆ¼zmeli | Mustafa Kemal University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hatay Mustafa Kemal University | Hatay | Antakya | Turkey (TĆ¼rkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 40022256 | Derived | Huzmeli I, Katayifci N, Abay B, Akkus O, Ozer AY. The effectiveness of functional inspiratory muscle training on exercise capacity and peripheral muscle strength in patients with essential hypertension: a three-arm randomized controlled trial. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2025 Feb 28;17(1):29. doi: 10.1186/s13102-025-01082-w. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000075222 | Essential Hypertension |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D006973 | Hypertension |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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Prospective Randomized Controlled Study
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| change of the physical activity from baseline to 8 week |
Physical activity level was measured with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). In this questionnaire, which provides information about the time spent in sitting, walking, moderately vigorous activities, and vigorous activities, the criterion for evaluating all activities is that each activity is performed for at least 10 minutes at a time. |
| from baseline to 8 week |
| change of the quality of life from baseline to 8 week | SF-36 survey. In this scale, where health is examined in eight components, higher scores indicate a better level of health. SF-36 scale; physical functionality (limitation in physical activity due to health problems), physical role limitation in daily living activities due to health problems), bodily pain, general health (evaluation of the person's general health), vitality , general mental health, social functionality and emotional role (limitation in daily living activities due to mental health problems). The SF-36 scale is scored out of 100 points, and the scores vary between 0 and 100 points for each component. | from baseline to 8 week |
| change of the Fev1/Fvc | Pulmonary function test will measure with a portable spirometer (SPIROBANK IIĀ® Moggiolino, Rome-Italy). The best of 3 technically acceptable maneuvers with 95% agreement will select and record | from baseline to 8 week |