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The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of Schroth exercises and kinesiological taping on spinal deformities and serum markers in young adults with scoliosis. The study will include young adults aged 18-21 with scoliosis. A total of 57 participants will be included in the study. Out of 57 participants, 38 have scoliosis, and 19 are healthy. 38 participants will be randomly divided into 2 groups. One group (n=19) will receive only Schroth exercises, and the other group (n=19) will receive both Schroth exercises and kinesiological taping. The laboratory analyses of proteins associated with autophagy (Beclin-1, LC3, and ATG3) and bone-cartilage metabolism (COMP and MMP-3) will be conducted in the Biomedical Engineering Laboratory of our university. Trunk rotation will be assessed using the Adams Forward Bend Test with scoliometer, quality of life will be evaluated with the SRS-22 Quality of Life questionnaire and Quality of life profile for spinal deformities questionnaire, perception of deformity will be measured using the Walter Reed Visual Assessment Scale, and Cobb angles will be evaluated from anterior-posterior X-ray images.
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of Schroth exercises and kinesiological taping on spinal deformities and serum markers in young adults with scoliosis. The study will include young adults aged 18-21 with scoliosis. A total of 57 participants will be included in the study. Out of 57 participants, 38 have scoliosis, and 19 are healthy. 38 participants will be randomly divided into 2 groups. One group (n=19) will receive only Schroth exercises, and the other group (n=19) will receive both Schroth exercises and kinesiological taping. The laboratory analyses of proteins associated with autophagy (Beclin-1, LC3, and ATG3) and bone-cartilage metabolism (COMP and MMP-3) will be conducted in the Biomedical Engineering Laboratory of our university. Schroth exercises will be administered to both groups twice a week for 12 weeks. Kinesiological taping will be applied twice a week to the group receiving both Schroth exercises and kinesiological taping. Pre-treatment evaluations will include assessments of Cobb angles, trunk rotation, serum markers, quality of life and perception of deformity. Post treatment evaluations will include assessments of trunk rotation, cobb angles, serum markers, quality of life and perception of deformity.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Exercise group | Experimental | For 12 weeks, participants will receive rotational breathing, correction techniques, positioning, mobilization, and three-dimensional exercises specific to their curvature twice a week. |
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| Exercise and taping group | Experimental | For 12 weeks, participants will schroth exercises including receive rotational breathing, correction techniques, positioning, mobilization and three dimensional exercises specific to their curvature and kinesiological taping. Kinesiological taping will be applied as a tone enhancer or tone reducer according to the concave and convex sides of the curve. |
|
| Healthy people | No Intervention | Healthy individuals without scoliosis will be included. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Just Exercise | Other | Schroth exercises are including rotational breathing, correction techniques, positioning, mobilization, and three-dimensional exercises specific to their curvature. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Trunk rotation | This method assesses spinal rotation caused by scoliosis. Individuals were asked to stand with their feet together and shoulders width apart, and then to bend forward. Rotation degrees were measured using a scoliometer. | At the beginning of the study and three months later |
| Cobb angles | At the beginning and end of the study, participants will have their Cobb angle evaluated from anterior-posterior and posterior-anterior X-ray images. | At the beginning of the study and three months later |
| Serum markers | The laboratory analyses of proteins associated with autophagy (Beclin-1, LC3, and ATG3) and bone-cartilage metabolism (COMP and MMP-3) will be conducted in the Biomedical Engineering Laboratory of our university. | At the beginning of the study and three months later |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Quality of life with scoliosis people | The Scoliosis Research Society developed the SRS-22 scale, which is widely accepted for assessing the health-related quality of life in scoliosis patients. Quality of life will be assessed using the SRS-22 questionnaire. The SRS-22 scale consists of 22 questions and 5 subgroups. The subgroups include pain, general appearance (image), spinal function, mental health, and satisfaction with treatment. Scores obtained from each subgroup range from 5 to 25 for pain, general appearance (image), and spinal function, and from 2 to 10 for satisfaction with treatment. Scores are calculated by assigning a response value to each of the 22 questions within a 5-point rating scale. Each statement contains responses ranging from negative to positive. The most negative response receives 1 point, while the most positive receives 5 points. Higher scores on the scale indicate an increase in quality of life, while lower scores indicate a decrease. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birgül Dıngırdan, Masters degree | Contact | 05444694932 | birguldingirdan@subu.edu.tr | |
| Abdurrahim Yıldız, assistant professors | Contact | 05077516363 | abdurrahimyildiz@subu.edu.tr |
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3 groups. Schroth exercise group (n=19), schroth exercise and kinesiological taping group (n=19), healthy people (n=19).
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| Exercise | Other | Schroth exercises are including rotational breathing, correction techniques, positioning, mobilization, and three-dimensional exercises specific to their curvature. |
|
| Taping | Other | Kinesiological taping will be applied as a tone enhancer or tone reducer according to the the concave and convex sides of the curve. |
|
| At the beginning of the study and three months later |
| Body image assessment | Body image assessment will be assessed using the Walter Reed Visual Assessment Scale. WRVAS is a scale developed to evaluate the physical deformity in individuals with scoliosis and the effectiveness of treatment in improving body deformities. It consists of visual representations representing spinal curvature, rib prominence, prominence of the waist, positional relationship of the head-thoracic cage-pelvis, relationship of the head to the pelvis, shoulder level, and scapular rotation. Each deformity in the visuals is scored from a minimum of "1" to a maximum of "5," with higher scores indicating a higher perceived deformity. | At the beginning of the study and three months later |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012600 | Scoliosis |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013121 | Spinal Curvatures |
| D013122 | Spinal Diseases |
| D001847 | Bone Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015444 | Exercise |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
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