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Conventional nipple and/or skin-sparing mastectomy (NSM/SSM) with or without immediate reconstruction is becoming one of the mainstream surgical treatment for breast cancer and risk reducing mastectomy in recent years. While this technique provides satisfactory oncologic and aesthetic outcomes, its disadvantages include skin flap and/or nipple-areolar complex (NAC) necrosis, NAC malposition/distortion as well as visible scar(s) on the breast.
In terms of technical aspects, NSM/SSM has its inherent challenges in view of limited incisions and thereby difficulties in dissection. Since 2015, a number of institutions worldwide had adopted a new technique of NSM/SSM using robotic surgical system. Institutional experiences worldwide demonstrated feasibility and safety of this technique coupled with improved patients' satisfactions.
To date, there is no center in Singapore or the region offering Robotic NSM/SSM (R-NSM/R-SSM). The authors believe that robotic mastectomy is a feasible and safe technique that can be utilized in our institution and it provides superior aesthetic outcomes with less morbidity and higher patient satisfaction if compared to conventional NSM/SSM.
The aim of this study is to conduct a single-arm prospective pilot study to investigate the safety and feasibility as well as learning curve of R-NSM/R-SSM.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Robotic mastectomy | Other | All consecutive cases of robotic mastectomy over the study duration |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Robotic mastectomy | Procedure | Robotic mastectomy with or without reconstruction |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Surgical Outcomes - Operative parameters | - Operative parameters (in terms of docking time/console time and total operative time - defined as time taken from axilla staging procedure, robot docking time, console time, closure and time taken for reconstruction, if applicable | Postoperative Day 0-1 |
| Surgical Outcomes - Length of stay (days) | - Length of stay (days) | Postoperative 30 days |
| Surgical Outcomes- 30-days morbidity/complications | - 30-days morbidity/complications | Postoperative 30 days |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Oncologic outcomes | Short-term oncologic outcomes, such as positivity of margins | Postoperative 2 weeks until final histopathology results are available |
| Learning curve | Learning curve analysis using cumulative sum (CUSUM) method |
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Inclusion Criteria:
For patients with breast cancer (invasive or DCIS), selection criteria include but not limited to:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Chi Wei Mok | Changi General Hospital | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Changi General Hospital | Singapore | 529889 | Singapore |
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| Type | Includes Protocol | Includes SAP | Includes ICF | Document Label | Document Date | Document Uploaded Date | Document File Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prot_SAP | Yes | Yes | No | Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan | Jul 5, 2023 | Mar 8, 2024 | Prot_SAP_000.pdf |
| ICF | No | No | Yes | Informed Consent Form | May 3, 2023 | Mar 8, 2024 | ICF_001.pdf |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001943 | Breast Neoplasms |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009371 | Neoplasms by Site |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
| D001941 | Breast Diseases |
| D012871 | Skin Diseases |
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| Postoperative up to 2 years throughout study recruitment |
| D017437 |
| Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases |