Efficacy and Safety of Bifidobacterium Combined With High-frequency Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in the Treatment of Adolescent Depression

Medical Practitioner

A total of 100 patients with adolescent depression who were admitted to our hospital between March 2022 and October 2022 were selected. On the basis of double blinding, these patients were randomly divided into the observation group(n=50) and the control group(n=50) using a random number table. 5S management method was used in the whole process of treatment to improve the hospital environment, increase the work efficiency and reduce the occurrence of cross infection through the effective implementation of the five steps of sort(Seiri), set in order(Seiton), shine (Seiso), standardize(Seiketsu) and sustain(Shitsuke).

Inclusion Criteria:

• aged 13-18 years old;
• met the diagnostic criteria for depression in the International Classification of Disease-10 (ICD-10);
• with a total score of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-24) ≥20 in the initial assessment;
• who were right-handed

Exclusion Criteria:

• with a definite diagnosis of other mental disorders in the past;
• with a past or current history of manic episodes;
• with a past or current history of severe physical diseases;
• who used antidepressants, mood stabilizers, steroids, anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, and immunomodulators in the past 1 month;
• who used lactic acid bacteria products for ≥7 days in the past 1 month;
• with a history of alcohol or psychoactive substance abuse within the last 3 months;
• with contraindications for rTMS, including but not limited to intracranial metal foreign bodies, cardiac pacemakers, and ear hearing aids;
• complicated with organic brain diseases, epileptic diseases, and severe physical diseases