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Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of breastfeeding education based on the Health Belief Model during the antenatal period on couples' perception and self-efficacy regarding breast milk.
Introduction: It is known that breast milk is crucial for newborns and infants. The Health Belief Model has been widely used in recent years to improve and promote health behaviors.
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of breastfeeding education based on the Health Belief Model during the antenatal period on couples' perception and self-efficacy regarding breast milk.
Method: This randomized controlled study was conducted between June 30, 2022, and December 31, 2022, at the Dr. Selahattin Cizrelioğlu State Hospital in Şırnak. A total of 220 participants, including 110 couples who met the inclusion criteria, were randomly assigned to an intervention group (55 couples) and a control group (55 couples). Data were collected using a "Participant Information Form" for socio-demographic and obstetric information, the "Adults' Perception of Breast Milk Scale" for assessing perception related to breast milk, the "Pregnancy Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale- Short Form" for evaluating mothers' breastfeeding self-efficacy during the antenatal period, and the "Paternal Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale" for assessing fathers' breastfeeding self-efficacy during the pregnancy period.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention group | Experimental | Breastfeeding education was given to the intervention group based on the health belief model. |
|
| control group | No Intervention | The control group received standard care. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Breastfeeding education based on the Health Belief model | Behavioral | Training was given face to face with the participant, lasting approximately 40 minutes. One week after the training presentation, three short messages about the training were sent to the couples (both the pregnant woman and her partner) every other day. Two weeks after the training was given, a phone call was made for feedback. Post-test data were taken four weeks later. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Mothers' and fathers' perception of breast milk, assessed using the Adults' Breast Milk Perception Scale. | In this study, it was determined that breastfeeding education given based on the health belief model in the last trimester of pregnancy increased the breast milk perception levels of expectant mothers and fathers. | 30 days |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Breastfeeding self-efficacy of mothers evaluated using the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form during Pregnancy | In this study, it was determined that breastfeeding education given in the pregnancy health belief model increased pregnant women's breastfeeding self-efficacy levels during pregnancy. | 30 days |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Paternal breastfeeding self-efficacy assessed using the Paternal Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale. | In this study, it was determined that breastfeeding education given in the health belief model during pregnancy increased fathers' breastfeeding self-efficacy levels. | 30 days |
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Leman Yılmaz Cesur | Msc Midwife | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa | Istanbul | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 29846526 | Background | Dror DK, Allen LH. Overview of Nutrients in Human Milk. Adv Nutr. 2018 May 1;9(suppl_1):278S-294S. doi: 10.1093/advances/nmy022. | |
| 32816256 | Background | Alex A, Bhandary E, McGuire KP. Anatomy and Physiology of the Breast during Pregnancy and Lactation. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2020;1252:3-7. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-41596-9_1. |
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Randomized controlled, experimental research design in pre-test, post-test design Made with
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| 10520192 | Background | Dennis CL, Faux S. Development and psychometric testing of the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale. Res Nurs Health. 1999 Oct;22(5):399-409. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1098-240x(199910)22:53.0.co;2-4. |
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| 29958002 | Background | Correction to: ABM Clinical Protocol #8: Human Milk Storage Information for Home Use for Full-Term Infants, Revised 2017, by Eglash A, Simon L, and The Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine Breastfeed Med 2017;12(7):390-395. DOI: 10.1089/dna.2017.29047.aje. Breastfeed Med. 2018 Jul/Aug;13(6):459. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2017.29047.aje.correx. Epub 2018 Jun 29. No abstract available. |
| 32664074 | Background | Hu L, Ding T, Hu J, Luo B. Promoting breastfeeding in Chinese women undergoing cesarean section based on the health belief model: A randomized controlled trial. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Jul 10;99(28):e20815. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000020815. |
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| 18541350 | Background | Alus Tokat M, Okumus H, Dennis CL. Translation and psychometric assessment of the Breast-feeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form among pregnant and postnatal women in Turkey. Midwifery. 2010 Feb;26(1):101-8. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2008.04.002. Epub 2008 Jun 9. |
| 30513445 | Result | Abuidhail J, Mrayan L, Jaradat D. Evaluating effects of prenatal web-based breastfeeding education for pregnant mothers in their third trimester of pregnancy: Prospective randomized control trial. Midwifery. 2019 Feb;69:143-149. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2018.11.015. Epub 2018 Nov 28. |
| 34241959 | Result | Atkinson L, Silverio SA, Bick D, Fallon V. Relationships between paternal attitudes, paternal involvement, and infant-feeding outcomes: Mixed-methods findings from a global on-line survey of English-speaking fathers. Matern Child Nutr. 2021 Jul;17 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):e13147. doi: 10.1111/mcn.13147. |
| 33779804 | Result | Crippa BL, Consales A, Morniroli D, Lunetto F, Bettinelli ME, Sannino P, Rampini S, Zanotta L, Marchisio P, Plevani L, Gianni ML, Mosca F, Colombo L. From dyad to triad: a survey on fathers' knowledge and attitudes toward breastfeeding. Eur J Pediatr. 2021 Sep;180(9):2861-2869. doi: 10.1007/s00431-021-04034-x. Epub 2021 Mar 29. |
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| 33397410 | Result | Gebremariam KT, Zelenko O, Mulugeta A, Gallegos D. A cross-sectional comparison of breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, and perceived partners' support among expectant couples in Mekelle, Ethiopia. Int Breastfeed J. 2021 Jan 4;16(1):3. doi: 10.1186/s13006-020-00355-z. |
| 36879970 | Result | Han FL, Ho YJ, McGrath JM. The influence of breastfeeding attitudes on breastfeeding behavior of postpartum women and their spouses. Heliyon. 2023 Feb 23;9(3):e13987. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13987. eCollection 2023 Mar. |
| 35085913 | Result | Krikitrat P, Park CG, McCreary LL, Koenig MD, Abboud S, Sansiriphun N, Patil CL. Relationships between Thai fathers' self-efficacy to support breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding duration. Midwifery. 2022 Mar;106:103261. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2022.103261. Epub 2022 Jan 19. |
| 36832403 | Result | Liu L, Xiao G, Zhang T, Zhou M, Li X, Zhang Y, Owusua T, Chen Y, Qin C. Levels and Determinants of Antenatal Breastfeeding Attitudes among Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study. Children (Basel). 2023 Jan 31;10(2):275. doi: 10.3390/children10020275. |
| 35209913 | Result | Naja F, Chatila A, Ayoub JJ, Abbas N, Mahmoud A; MINA collaborators; Abdulmalik MA, Nasreddine L. Prenatal breastfeeding knowledge, attitude and intention, and their associations with feeding practices during the first six months of life: a cohort study in Lebanon and Qatar. Int Breastfeed J. 2022 Feb 24;17(1):15. doi: 10.1186/s13006-022-00456-x. |
| 31456982 | Result | Rabiepoor S, Khodaei A, Valizadeh R. Husbands' participation in prenatal care and breastfeeding self-efficacy in Iranian women: A randomized clinical trial. Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2019 Jun 20;33:58. doi: 10.34171/mjiri.33.58. eCollection 2019. |
| 33468196 | Result | Titaley CR, Dibley MJ, Ariawan I, Mu'asyaroh A, Alam A, Damayanti R, Do TT, Ferguson E, Htet K, Li M, Sutrisna A, Fahmida U. Determinants of low breastfeeding self-efficacy amongst mothers of children aged less than six months: results from the BADUTA study in East Java, Indonesia. Int Breastfeed J. 2021 Jan 19;16(1):12. doi: 10.1186/s13006-021-00357-5. |
| 31416450 | Result | Yakubu I, Garmaroudi G, Sadeghi R, Tol A, Yekaninejad MS, Yidana A. Assessing the impact of an educational intervention program on sexual abstinence based on the health belief model amongst adolescent girls in Northern Ghana, a cluster randomised control trial. Reprod Health. 2019 Aug 15;16(1):124. doi: 10.1186/s12978-019-0784-8. |
| 34286328 | Result | Yavuz Donmez A, Korgali EU. The relationship between the perception of breast milk of parents with term infants and exclusive breastfeeding in the postnatal first six months. Turk Arch Pediatr. 2021 Jan 12;56(2):164-172. doi: 10.14744/TurkPediatriArs.2020.75875. eCollection 2021 Mar. |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001942 | Breast Feeding |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005247 | Feeding Behavior |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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