patients who had perimeniscal 5 % dextrose injection

patients who had perimeniscal triamcinolone injection

Ultrasound-guided periarticular (perimeniscal) injection: The injections were administered using ultrasonic guidance on the longitudinal axis while the patient was in a supine position with the knee flexed at approximately 20°-30°. The transducer was positioned longitudinally in the region where extrusion was seen along the medial collateral ligament. Subsequently, employing a free-hand method, a 0.60x60 mm 23 G needle was inserted directly into the meniscus wall with the use of sonographic guidance. After the needle made contact with the medial meniscus wall, it was pulled back by 1 mm and placed between the medial collateral ligament and the medial meniscus, and a dose of 0.5 mg/5 ml of triamcinolone acetonide was injected.

The pain VAS is a unidimensional measure of pain intensity, used to record patients' pain progression or compare pain severity between patients with similar conditions.VAS is comprised of a horizontal line of 10 cm in length. A measurement of 0 cm indicates the absence of pain, whereas a measurement of 10 cm signifies the most severe pain that one can conceive. Patients are instructed to assess the intensity of discomfort by indicating a point on this line.

The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) is widely used in the evaluation of hip and knee osteoarthritis. It is a self-administered questionnaire consisting of 24 items divided into 3 subscales: pain, stiffness, and physical function. The test questions are scored on a scale of 0-4, which corresponds to: None (0), Mild (1), Moderate (2), Severe (3), and Extreme (4). The scores for each subscale are summed up, with a possible score range of 0-20 for pain, 0-8 for stiffness, and 0-68 for physical function. Usually, a sum of the scores for all three subscales gives a total WOMAC score, and higher scores mean a worse outcome.