Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
The purpose of this study is to the effect of the breather exerciser trainer on diaphragmatic mobility and thickness in elderly.
Egypt is the most populous country in Middle East, with expected elder population will reach 20.8% in 2050. Almost, old population undergo sarcopenia, and dynapenia including respiratory musculatures that may associated with elevated mortality rate. Such physiological deteriorations have a potential impact on the elders quality of life.
Therefore, regular specific breathing and exercise training may promote healthier life, and permits more mechanical efficient breathing pattern, thus older population could live a hassle-free life. older adults can maintain and improve their lung capacity.
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Study Group (A) | Experimental | Experimental (Breather Exerciser Trainer + conventional breathing exercises) Group 30 healthy elders will receive inspiratory muscle training by breather exerciser trainer (Gradual intensity from 2-3 rate of perceived exertion (RPE) up to reach 5-7 RPE, with gradual frequency; 1st week 8 sets of 5 repetitions '1 minute rest', 2nd week be 9 sets, and 3rd week reach 10 sets of 5 repetitions. then from 4-8 weeks 'end of study protocol' will be 10 sets of 6 repetitions with 1 minute rest between sets.), along with conventional breathing exercises (Diaphragmatic breathing, Pursed-up breathing, and Exercise connected with respiration), for 5 sessions per week for eight weeks. |
|
| Control Group (B) | Other | Control (conventional breathing exercises) Group: 30 health elders will receive conventional breathing exercises (Diaphragmatic breathing; Pursed-up breathing, Exercise connected with respiration for 5 times a week for a total 8 weeks |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Breather Exerciser Trainer | Other | Gradual intensity from 2-3 rate of perceived exertion (RPE) up to reach 5-7 RPE, with gradual frequency; 1st week 8 sets of 5 repetitions '1 minute rest', 2nd week be 9 sets, and 3rd week reach 10 sets of 5 repetitions. then from 4-8 weeks 'end of study protocol' will be 10 sets of 6 repetitions with 1 minute rest between sets.), along with conventional breathing exercises (Diaphragmatic breathing, Pursed-up breathing, and Exercise connected with respiration), for 5 sessions per week for eight weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Diaphragmatic thickness in millimeters | Preirus ultrasound device (Hitachi Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan), with A 6-13 MHz linear probe will be utilized for diaphragm thickness assessment. Diaphragm thickness will be measured from the 8th or 9th intercostal space. Diaphragm thickness will measure thickness on expiration and during deep breathing to assess percentage of thickening during inspiration. and diaphragm thickness will expressed in millimeters. | Pretreatment and post treatment of 8 weeks of study protocol |
| Diaphragmatic mobility in centimeters | Preirus ultrasound device (Hitachi Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan). a 1-5 MHz convex probe will be used for diaphragm mobility assessment. Diaphragm mobility will be measured from the costal line junction of the medial axillary line. The excursions of two hemidiaphragms will be measured using two-dimensional or M-mode ultrasonography, during respiratory maneuvers. Diaphragmatic mobility will be expressed in centimeters. | pretreatment and post treatment of 8 weeks of study protocol |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Functional Capacity | Will use Six-Minute Walk Test, as a self-paced submaximal field exercise test to determine functional capacity according to standard procedures administrated in a 30 meters hallway. | pretreatment and post treatment of 8 weeks of study protocol |
| Geriatric Quality of life Questionnaire |
Not provided
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Nesreen G El Nahas, PHD | Head of department and Professor of Cardiovascular, Respiratory disorders, Geriatric Department | Study Chair |
| Samir A El Gazar, PHD | Head of department and Professor of Cardiovascular, Respiratory disorders, Geriatric Department | Study Director |
| Donia M El-Masry, MSc | Lecturer of Physical Therapy for Cardiovascular, Respiratory disorders and Geriatric | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Faculty of Physical Therapy | Giza | Egypt |
Study purpose, Selection, and randomization, detailed intervention procedures, and statistical analysis, plus revealed results and conclusion
3-5months
Not provided
Not provided
Prospective pre/ posttreatment, randomized controlled study
Not provided
Not provided
Double masking (Investigator, Outcomes assessor
|
| Conventional Breathing Exercise | Other | Diaphragmatic breathing; place one hand on upper chest and the other on belly. Patient Breathe in slowly through nose, letting the air in deeply towards lower belly then patient is asked to tighten abdominal muscles and let them fall inward during exhalation through pursed lips Pursed-up breathing; by inhales through nose and exhales over 4 and 6 seconds in a whistling position Exercise connected with respiration; repetitive bilateral shoulder flexion then repetitive bilateral shoulder abduction, synchronized with breathing |
|
Will use Quality of Life Questionnaire to assess functional disability and evaluate quality of life through a comprehensive geriatric 15-dimensional standardized, self-administrated measure for health-related quality of life questionnaire. The single index score (item of 15 dimensions) on a 1-5scale, representing the overall quality of life, is calculated from the health state descriptive system by using a set of population-based preference or utility weights. Best quality of life score is 15 'best quality of life- it is the lowest score could gained' that means sum all included items score of 1 referring to best quality of life for each dimension of the questionnaire. While worst sum value is 75 'worst- highest score could gained, as in complete bedridden' that refers to each subitem score was 5. |
| pretreatment and post treatment of 8 weeks of study protocol |
| Geriatric Quality of Life | Will use Katz Questionnaire as a suitable tool for assessing functional status and capability to perform activities of daily living independently. Where 0 is the lowest score refers to complete dependent person. While 6 is the highest score refers to independent person. | pretreatment and post treatment of 8 weeks of study protocol |