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Since post hemorrhoidectomy pain is a severe and common post operative symptom so there is a need to find a suitable method for reducing this pain, up to our knowledge, this the first study in ZUH to compare between ketrolac, light Marcaine, corticosteroids and diclofenac sodium injection at surgical site for relieve of post operative pain. This is a randomized controlled comparative prospective clinical trial.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| group A: ketorolac and light marcaine injection | Experimental |
| |
| group B: light marcaine injection | Experimental |
| |
| group C: corticosteroids injection | Experimental |
| |
| group D: topical diclofenac sodium | Experimental |
| |
| control group | Sham Comparator | control group was given the ordinary analgesic protocol without local analgesic application |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ketorolac and light marcaine | Drug | local injection at surgical site of 30 mg ketorolac and 7-1.5 mg\kg\dose light marcaine |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| age | adults from 18 to 60 years old | within 2 days before operation |
| sex | both sex were included | within 2 days before operation |
| number of hemorrhoids | number of hemorrhoids clinically assessed | within 2 days before operation and intra-operatively |
| degree of hemorroids | degree of hemorroids clinically assessed | within 2 days before operation and intra-operatively |
| post operative pain | post operative assessed using visual analogue scale, minimum score is zero means painless and maximum score 10 means very painful | 1st, 2nd 3rd, 7th, 14th days post-operatively |
| ambulation | early ambulation is evaluated in patients post-operatively | from 1st to 3rd day post-operatively |
| return to work | first time to return to work is evaluated | from one day to one month post-operatively |
| patient satisfaction | patient satisfaction about post-operative pain is assessed using customer satisfaction score. Minimum score is 0 and means very unsatisfied, maximum score is 10 and means very satisfied |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Reham Zakaria, PhD | faculty of medicine Zagazig University | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zagazig University Hospitals | Zagazig | zagazig | 44519 | Egypt |
After completion the study, interested researchers can contact us for providing any data
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010149 | Pain, Postoperative |
| D059787 | Acute Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011183 | Postoperative Complications |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D010146 | Pain |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020910 | Ketorolac |
| D000305 | Adrenal Cortex Hormones |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007213 | Indomethacin |
| D007211 | Indoles |
| D006574 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring |
| D000072471 | Heterocyclic Compounds, Fused-Ring |
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| light marcaine | Drug | local injection at surgical site of 7-1.5 mg\kg\dose light marcaine |
|
| Corticosteroids injection | Drug | local injection at surgical site of 40 mg\ dose of dexamethasone |
|
| Diclofenac Sodium Gel | Drug | topical application of Diclofenac Sodium Gel |
|
| the standard analgesic protocol | Other | the routine analgesia was given without local analgesia application |
|
| from one day to one month post-operatively |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |
| D006728 | Hormones |
| D006730 | Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists |