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This study aims to investigate the effects of the treatment combination consisting of motor imagery and action observation therapy on balance, functional mobility, lower extremity muscle strength, fatigue and quality of life.
The study population was participants with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis. The traditional rehabilitation program consists of a joint treatment in which lower extremity strengthening and balance exercises are carried out synchronously for the experimental and control groups. Motor imagery and action observation therapy based on telerehabilitation of certain movements will be applied to the experimental group. All treatments will be carried out online via the Whatsapp program. The treatment program will be applied 3 times a week for 6 weeks. Evaluations will be made before and after the treatment program. Assessments include balance, lower extremity muscle strength and functional mobility, fatigue, and quality of life.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Experimental group | Experimental | Individuals will receive standard rehabilitation and telerehabilitation-based motor imagery and action observation therapy. |
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| Control group | Experimental | Individuals will receive standard rehabilitation. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional rehabilitation | Other | The program consists of a joint treatment in which lower extremity strengthening and balance exercises are carried out synchronously. The program will include a total of 5 minutes of warm-up, 5 minutes of cool-down and 30 minutes of exercises related to the program. The difficulty of the program will increase by changing the number of exercises and increasing the weight in strengthening exercises. Progress in balance and coordination exercises will vary by changing the ground, increasing the standing time, and keeping the eyes open and closed. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Berg Balance Scale | Berg Balance Scale consists of a total of 14 items. Evaluation for each stage is made between 0-4. Higher score indicates better functional balance performance | Baseline |
| Berg Balance Scale | Berg Balance Scale consists of a total of 14 items. Evaluation for each stage is made between 0-4. Higher score indicates better functional balance performance | 6 weeks after baseline |
| Muscle strength and functional mobility | The participant will be asked to sit and stand up from a standard chair between 42-45 cm, with hands crossed on the chest, without support, 5 times. The time will be stopped when the participant completes the last sitting. It will be recorded in seconds. | Baseline |
| Muscle strength and functional mobility | The participant will be asked to sit and stand up from a standard chair between 42-45 cm, with hands crossed on the chest, without support, 5 times. The time will be stopped when the participant completes the last sitting. It will be recorded in seconds. | 6 weeks after baseline |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Fatigue Severity Scale | This scale consists of a total of 9 items and is scored between 0-7. >4 points indicate fatigue | Baseline |
| Fatigue Severity Scale | This scale consists of a total of 9 items and is scored between 0-7. >4 points indicate fatigue |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Burcu talu | Inonu University | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inonu University | Malatya | Battalgazi | 44280 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
Study data can be shared with other researchers if desired.
After the study was published
If requested from the authors, it can be shared with researchers at the authors' discretion.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009103 | Multiple Sclerosis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020278 | Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS |
| D020274 | Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D003711 | Demyelinating Diseases |
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| Action observation therapy and motor imagery | Other | In the experimental group, in addition to traditional telerehabilitation, action observation and motor imagery of 4 exercises will be performed in each session. A video will be prepared for 4 exercises. Then, the participant will perform 2 minutes of action observation of each movement, followed by 1 minute of motor imagery. In addition to the traditional telerehabilitation program, a 12-minute combination of action observation and motor imagery will be performed in each session. Exercises will be changed every two weeks, gradually increasing the difficulty. |
|
| 6 weeks after baseline |
| Multiple Sclerosis International Quality of Life (MusiQoL) questionnaire | The scale consists of 31 questions in 9 dimensions (subscales). The index score is calculated as the average of these subscale scores. All 9 dimensions and the index score are linearly transformed and standardized on a scale from 0 to 100; where 0 indicates the worst possible level of quality of life and 100 indicates the best level. | Baseline |
| Multiple Sclerosis International Quality of Life (MusiQoL) questionnaire | The scale consists of 31 questions in 9 dimensions (subscales). The index score is calculated as the average of these subscale scores. All 9 dimensions and the index score are linearly transformed and standardized on a scale from 0 to 100; where 0 indicates the worst possible level of quality of life and 100 indicates the best level. | 6 weeks after baseline |
| D001327 | Autoimmune Diseases |
| D007154 | Immune System Diseases |