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The aim of this study is to investigate whether there are the additive effects when implementing both high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and probiotics simultaneously on improving cardiorespiratory endurance and metabolism in middle-aged women.
High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a time-efficiency exercise mode that has been shown to reduce body fat, fasting blood insulin levels, arterial stiffness, and aerobic capacity, helping to prevent and improve chronic diseases. Probiotics, on the other hand, have been found to have similar effects, including improving insulin sensitivity and endurance exercise performance, as well as reducing body fat. However, the additive effects of HIIT combined with probiotic supplements are unclear. In addition, on average, the life expectancy of women is longer than that of men. Middle-aged women are at high-risk for obesity and metabolic-related problems that threaten their long-term health. Therefore, whether the combination of HIIT and probiotics can be utilized to enhance the wellness of middle-aged women is the objective of this study.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Placebo control (C) | Placebo Comparator | The subjects do not perform HIIT training, but consume one placebo packet every day on a fasting status for 8 weeks. |
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| Probiotics supplementation (P) | Experimental | Each participant consume one probiotic packet every day on a fasting status for 8 weeks. |
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| HIIT intervention (H) | Experimental | HIIT training for 3 sessions per week and consume one placebo packet every day on a fasting status for 8 weeks. |
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| HIIT with probiotics intervention (HP) | Experimental | Conduct HIIT training 3 sessions per week for 8 weeks and consume one probiotic packet every day on a fasting status for 8 weeks. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Probiotics supplementation | Dietary Supplement | Probiotics, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TWK10, are packaged in powder form. Each participant consume one packet every day on a fasting status for 8 weeks. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Height | Height in centimeters | 8 weeks |
| Body weight | Weight in kilograms | 8 weeks |
| Body mass index (BMI) | Calculated by: weight (kg)/ height (m^2) | 8 weeks |
| Body fat percentage | Body fat percentage (%) is measured with Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) | 8 weeks |
| Waist circumference | Waist circumference in centimeters | 8 weeks |
| Hip circumference | Hip circumference in centimeters | 8 weeks |
| Maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) | VO2max in ml/min/kg | 8 weeks |
| Time to exhaustion (TTE) | TTE in seconds | 8 weeks |
| Running economy (RE) | RE in ml/kg/km | 8 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Muscle mass | Muscle mass in kilograms is measured with DEXA | 8 weeks |
| Fat mass | Fat mass in kilograms is measured with DEXA | 8 weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Chien-Wen Hou, Ph.D. | University of Taipei | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Taipei | Taipei | Taiwan |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 39618097 | Derived | Chen YC, Wang HY, Ogita F, Hung CH, Kuo CH, Wang JP, Wang CM, Hou CW, Wang TY. Effects of probiotic supplementation with high-intensity interval training on cardiorespiratory endurance and metabolism in Middle-Aged Obese Women. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2024 Dec;21(1):2425609. doi: 10.1080/15502783.2024.2425609. Epub 2024 Dec 1. |
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| HIIT training | Behavioral | HIIT training is conduct at the intensity of 85-90% VO2max for 2 minutes with 1-minute inactive resting interval, repeating for 7 times. 3 sessions per week for 8 weeks. |
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| Placebo supplementation | Dietary Supplement | Yeast powder replaces probiotics in each packet. Each participant consume one packet every day on a fasting status for 8 weeks. |
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| Fasting blood glucose (FBG) | FBG in mg/dL | 8 weeks |
| Total cholesterol (TC) | TC in mg/dL | 8 weeks |
| Triglyceride (TG) | TG in mg/dL | 8 weeks |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) | HDL-C in mg/dL | 8 weeks |
| Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) | LDL-C in mg/dL | 8 weeks |
| Bone mineral density (BMD) | BMD in g/cm^2 is measured with DEXA | 8 weeks |
| Caloric intake | Caloric intake in kcal/day | 8 weeks |