The goal of this observational study is to expound the population and characteristics of pathogenic microorganisms with co-infection, draw the pedigree of pathogenic microorganisms, and evaluate its influence on disease outcome in patients with hepatic virus-caused cirrhosis. The main questions it aims to answer are:

• Describe the populations and characteristics of pathogenic microorganisms responsible for co-infections in patients with hepatic virus-caused cirrhosis.
• Map the spectrum of pathogenic microorganisms, and evaluate their impact on disease regression.

Cirrhosis is a chronic progressive disease caused by different etiological factors and characterized by diffuse hepatocellular degeneration and necrosis, abnormal regeneration of hepatocytes, intrahepatic neovascularization, massive proliferation of hepatic fibrotic tissues, and pseudofollicular formation. The number of patients with liver disease in China is about 300 million, and the number of deaths from cirrhosis accounts for 11% of the global deaths from cirrhosis. Its etiology is diverse, and hepatitis due to hepatophilic virus infection is still the main cause in China. A recent study by scholars on 11861 patients hospitalized for the first time due to liver cirrhosis in 50 hospitals in China showed that among the causes of liver cirrhosis in China, HBV infection accounted for 71.15% and HCV infection accounted for 8.12%. About two-thirds of patients with cirrhosis and extrahepatic organ failure suffer from sepsis. Infections increase the risk of death in patients with cirrhosis, and reports have shown that these patients are hospitalized for twice as long as patients without cirrhotic sepsis and have a hospital mortality rate of up to 50%. This study focuses on the impact of secondary infections on the clinical prognosis of cirrhosis, and proposes to establish a prospective, multicenter clinical cohort of secondary infections in cirrhosis, map infection pathogens, correlate the characteristics of the underlying immune status with the pathogen profiles of secondary infections, and set up an early warning system of secondary infection surveillance, with the aim of early prevention and early recognition of secondary infections, and improvement of prognosis for patients with liver cirrhosis.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Hospitalized patients with viral hepatitis cirrhosis agreed to participate in the study and signed an informed consent form;
2. Any gender and age between 18-70 years old;
3. HBsAg positivity lasting more than 6 months;
4. have clinical manifestations of hepatic decompensation and portal hypertension, laboratory test results, liver imaging or endoscopy and other comprehensive diagnosis of definite cirrhosis.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with other non-hepatophilic causes of cirrhosis;
2. Patients who, in the opinion of the investigator, are not suitable for participation in the study.

Patients with hepatic virus-caused cirrhosis