From Fetal-maternal Interface Immune Tolerance to Endometrial Cancer Immune Escape: Potential Targets for Immunotherapy

From Fetal-maternal Interface Immune Tolerance to Endometrial Cancer Immune Escape: Potential Targets for Immunotherapy

Non-interventional retro-prospective study on Endometrial tissue samples taken from surgically treated patients.

The picture of precisely coordinated immune adaptations over time at the maternal-fetal interface level and altered in pregnancy complications, could reveal a specific "immune clock" in tumors. The study aims to decipher mechanisms of immunodeficiency by helping to predict recurrence in patients with endometrial cancer and identify molecular pathways that are turned on or off in progression from lesions early to advanced neoplasia. This will allow the discovery of potential immunotherapy targets to interfere with the immune escape activation process or to reactivate/re-educate the immune response.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age >18 years;
• Histological diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia with and without atypia, carcinoma of the endometrium histotype endometrioid at any stage of the disease (FIGO I-IV), patients subjected to hysterectomy for benign extra-endometrial pathology, patients with recurrence/metastasis from endometrioid endometrial carcinoma that are subjected to surgery;
• Adequate biological material to be able to carry out the analyzes previously described;
• Written informed consent (only for patients in the prospective part and/or in follow-up);
• For the retrospective part: availability of samples adequately stored at the Institute biobank and availability of follow-up data.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Comorbidities not controlled with adequate medical therapy;
• Infections of the endometrial cavity (pyometra);
• Synchronous tumors;
• Neoadjuvant treatments;
• Previous radiation treatments on the pelvic region.