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One of the main challenges facing the therapist in the treatment of adhesive capsulitis is to motivate the patient throughout conventional therapy. As noted in a recent review, individuals are more interested in leisure activities rather than performing repetitive tasks during therapy. Virtual reality (VR) is a three-dimensional computer-aided programme built with a system that creates virtual reality movements and generates a high amount of visual and sensory feedback during exercise. As a result, virtual reality (VR) has been used in many medical indications and has been shown to promote adherence to treatment by increasing patient motivation.
Different VR systems have been shown to be effective in individuals with kinesiophobia as well as stroke patients. Virtual reality guided exercise is a proven method already used in stroke, Parkinson's, cerebral palsy rehabilitation, vestibular rehabilitation and orthopaedic rehabilitation. However, there is limited data on its effectiveness in patients with adhesive capsulitis. This randomized controlled study will contribute to the literature by investigating the effects of VR based exercises in individuals with AC
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Experimental Group | Experimental | In addition to the conventional rehabilitation program at the hospital, virtual reality exercise will be applied in 15 sessions, 5 days a week. |
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| Control group | Active Comparator | The conventional rehabilitation program at the hospital will be implemented in 15 sessions, 5 days a week. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Virtual reality | Other | VR-based exercise program will be applied in addition to the conventional rehabilitation program, 5 days a week for a total of 3 weeks. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Visual Analog Scale | Visual analog scale (VAS) was used for pain assessment. VAS is a 10-point Likert scale. Patients are asked to indicate their pain level, with 0 points being no pain, 5 points being moderate pain, and 10 points being unbearable pain. Increased scores indicate higher pain levels. | Baseline |
| Visual Analog Scale | Visual analog scale (VAS) was used for pain assessment. VAS is a 10-point Likert scale. Patients are asked to indicate their pain level, with 0 points being no pain, 5 points being moderate pain, and 10 points being unbearable pain. Increased scores indicate higher pain levels. | 3th week |
| Visual Analog Scale | Visual analog scale (VAS) was used for pain assessment. VAS is a 10-point Likert scale. Patients are asked to indicate their pain level, with 0 points being no pain, 5 points being moderate pain, and 10 points being unbearable pain. Increased scores indicate higher pain levels. | 7th week |
| The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) | WOMAC was used to assess disability in patients with knee osteoarthritis. The WOMAC assesses pain, stiffness and physical function and consists of 24 items. Total score is between 24 and 120 points. A low score indicates mild illness, a high score indicates severe illness. | Baseline |
| The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) | WOMAC was used to assess disability in patients with knee osteoarthritis. The WOMAC assesses pain, stiffness and physical function and consists of 24 items. Total score is between 24 and 120 points. A low score indicates mild illness, a high score indicates severe illness. | 3th week |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Short Form 36 (SF36) | In the study, quality of life will be evaluated using Short Form-36 (SF-36). SF-36 is not specific to any disease group. This scale consists of 36 questions; There are 8 subgroups: general health, physical function, physical role difficulty, pain, energy, social function, emotional role difficulty, and mental health. A high score is an indicator of good health. | Baseline |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basak Cigdem Karacay, Asst Prof | Contact | +9 0386 280 51 00. | basakcigdem@hotmail.com |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Basak Cigdem Karacay, Asst Prof | Kirsehir Ahi Evran University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kırşehir Ahi Evran University Faculty of Medicine | Recruiting | Kırşehir | City Center | 40100 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| Background | Wi, S. Y., & Kang, J. H. (2012). The effects of virtual reality interactive games on the balance ability of elderly women with knee osteoarthritis. Journal of Korean Society of Physical Medicine, 7(3), 387-393. | ||
| 31981832 | Background | Lin YT, Lee WC, Hsieh RL. Active video games for knee osteoarthritis improve mobility but not WOMAC score: A randomized controlled trial. Ann Phys Rehabil Med. 2020 Nov;63(6):458-465. doi: 10.1016/j.rehab.2019.11.008. Epub 2020 Jan 22. | |
| 32985509 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020370 | Osteoarthritis, Knee |
| D010146 | Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010003 | Osteoarthritis |
| D001168 | Arthritis |
| D007592 | Joint Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
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Randomised controlled
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Investigator and Outcomes Assessor will be different persons.
| conventional rehabilitation | Other | The conventional exercise program will include 20 minutes(Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation) TENS with conventional method, 4 minutes continue ultrason, 20 minutes hot pack. |
|
| The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) | WOMAC was used to assess disability in patients with knee osteoarthritis. The WOMAC assesses pain, stiffness and physical function and consists of 24 items. Total score is between 24 and 120 points. A low score indicates mild illness, a high score indicates severe illness. | 7th week |
| Biodex Balance System | The balance assessment of the participants will be made with the Biodex Balance Systems device. During the measurement, patients will try to stay balanced on the device whose platform stability is adjusted. | Baseline |
| Biodex Balance System | The balance assessment of the participants will be made with the Biodex Balance Systems device. During the measurement, patients will try to stay balanced on the device whose platform stability is adjusted. | 3th week |
| Biodex Balance System | The balance assessment of the participants will be made with the Biodex Balance Systems device. During the measurement, patients will try to stay balanced on the device whose platform stability is adjusted. | 7th week |
| Short Form 36 (SF36) | In the study, quality of life will be evaluated using Short Form-36 (SF-36). SF-36 is not specific to any disease group. This scale consists of 36 questions; There are 8 subgroups: general health, physical function, physical role difficulty, pain, energy, social function, emotional role difficulty, and mental health. A high score is an indicator of good health. | 3th week |
| Short Form 36 (SF36) | In the study, quality of life will be evaluated using Short Form-36 (SF-36). SF-36 is not specific to any disease group. This scale consists of 36 questions; There are 8 subgroups: general health, physical function, physical role difficulty, pain, energy, social function, emotional role difficulty, and mental health. A high score is an indicator of good health. | 7th week |
| Background |
| Nambi G, Abdelbasset WK, Elsayed SH, Khalil MA, Alrawaili SM, Alsubaie SF. Comparative effects of virtual reality training and sensory motor training on bone morphogenic proteins and inflammatory biomarkers in post-traumatic osteoarthritis. Sci Rep. 2020 Sep 28;10(1):15864. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-72587-2. |
| D012216 |
| Rheumatic Diseases |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |