This study intends to conduct a relatively comprehensive binocular visual function examination and follow-up on two groups of myopic subjects, one receiving autostereoscopic 3D vision training and the other receiving 2D vision training as a control. The aim is to explore the impact of autostereoscopic 3D vision training on the accommodation and convergence functions of myopes. Additionally, synchronized EEG-fNIRS signals will be collected to investigate whether changes in binocular visual function are accompanied by corresponding alterations in brain function.

The prevalence of myopia is increasing, posing a serious threat to our visual health. East Asia and Southeast Asia are high-prevalence areas for myopia, with over 80% of young people suffering from myopia. China has one of the highest rates of myopia globally. Preventing myopia occurrence and controlling its progression have become urgent public health issues.

Accommodative function may play an important role in the development of myopia. Studies indicate that factors such as hyperopic defocus caused by accommodation lag, prolonged near-plane fixation, and decreased accommodative flexibility may be associated with the occurrence and development of myopia. Convergence function works synergistically with accommodative function, and its impact on myopia is gradually gaining attention. Scientific and effective training methods to improve both accommodation and convergence functions might help slow down the progression of myopia.

Research by Huang et al. suggests that visual training based on autostereoscopic 3D display technology can improve accommodative lag and enhance accommodative flexibility. However, this study only explored the immediate effects of a single training session, and the long-term effects remain unknown. Furthermore, questions about how training induces changes in the convergence function, whether changes in accommodative function coincide with changes in the convergence function, etc., still need further investigation.

Therefore, this study intends to conduct a relatively comprehensive binocular visual function examination and follow-up on two groups of myopic subjects, one receiving autostereoscopic 3D vision training and the other receiving 2D vision training as a control. The aim is to explore the impact of autostereoscopic 3D vision training on the accommodation and convergence functions of myopes. Additionally, synchronized EEG-fNIRS signals will be collected to investigate whether changes in binocular visual function are accompanied by corresponding alterations in brain function.

Inclusion criteria:

1. Age 18 to 30 years

2. Refractive errors:

   spherical: -9.00 to -0.50 diopters (D), cylindrical: -2.50 to -0 D, and binocular difference within 2.0 D

3. Monocular best-corrected visual acuity ≥20/20

4. Normal stereoacuity

5. Participants capable of understanding the purpose of this study and providing informed consent

6. Participants capable of cooperating with relevant examinations.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. History of ophthalmic disease other than refractive error, such as strabismus, cataracts, glaucoma, retinal or optic nerve diseases
2. Use of any medications affecting accommodative function or wearing orthokeratology lenses in the past 1 month
3. History of ocular trauma or surgery
4. Suffering from systemic or mental illnesses.

By employing a single simulation technology for blinding, both the 2D group and the 3D group share identical training equipment and a consistent video background. The only distinction lies in the subtle variation in the configuration of training markers. It is difficult for participants to differentiate their respective groups.