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This study aims at investigating the recovery kinetics of skeletal muscle damage, neuromuscular fatigue and performance following a single soccer trainning session in middle aged males. The participants will perform a soccer training session [A single training session including 60 minutes of warm up, soccer technical exercises and small-sided game] and a cotrol trial (No intervention included, only daily measurements) in randomized, repeated measures, crossover design. Assesesments related to skeletal muscle damage, performance and neuromuscular fatigue will be executed before the training session and daily for four consecutive days after training.
Eleven male middle-aged participants will be included in this study. Participants will be initially informed about the main goals of study as well as the associated risks and benefits and then will provide their signed consent form. At baseline, they will undergo assessment of their anthropometrics (body mass, height, BMI, WHR), body compotition (using DXA), physical contition level (peak oxygen consumption, VO2peak), haemodynamic profile (diastolic and diastolic blood pressure) and daily dietary intake.Thereafter, they will participate in two experimental trials (Control trial and Soccer trial) in a randomized, crossover, repeated measure design: 1) ST (Soccer Trial): Participants in this trial will perform a soccer training session (60 min) consisted of warm-up, technical exercises and small-sided game, CT (Control Trial): Participants in this trial will only execute the evaluations daily in the dependent variables (they will not receive any intervention). Before each trial, the participants will provide a resting blood sample (for the determination of white blood cells, granulocyte cells, monocyte cells, lymphocyte cells, Hemeatocrit, Hemoglobin, red blood cells and platelets, total antioxidant capacity, glutathione and creatine kinase activity) and undergo assessments of their delay onset muscle soreness (DOMS), maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) of knee extensors and flexors (by isokinetic dynamometer), height and power of countermovement jump (CMJ-using force platform), 10m and 30m sprint time (will be evaluated using light cells). A 7-day wash-out period will apllied between ST and CT. The blood sample will be collected before and 24, 48 and 72 hours post-taining. Also, the evaluation of DOMS, MVIC, sprinting performance, power and jump height (by CMJ) will be evaluated before and 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours post training.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control | No Intervention | Participants in this arm will receive no intervention | |
| SoccerTraining | Experimental | Participants in this arm will participate in a soccer training (ST) session for 60 minutes. During the training the participans will execute the warm-up process, the part of soccer technical exercises and they will play a small-side-game. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ST | Other | Participants will perform a soccer training (ST) session for 60 minutes. The training will include the warm-up, soccer technical exercises and a small-side game |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in White blood cell count | White blood cell count will be measured using an automatic blood analyzer | At baseline, at 24, 48 and 72 hours after soccer training |
| Change in Granulocyte cell count | Change in White blood cell count will be measured using an automatic blood analyzer | At baseline, at 24, 48 and 72 hours after soccer training |
| Change in Platelets cell count | Platelets cell count will be measured using an automatic blood analyzer | At baseline, at 24, 48 and 72 hours after soccer training |
| Change in Monocyte cell count | Monocytes cell count will be measured using an automatic blood analyzer | At baseline, at 24, 48 and 72 hours after soccer training |
| Change in Lymphocyte cell count | Lymphocyte cell count will be measured using an automatic blood analyzer | At baseline, at 24, 48 and 72 hours after soccer training |
| Change in percentage of Hematocrit level | The percentage of Hematocrit level will be measured using an automatic blood analyzer | At baseline, at 24, 48 and 72 hours after soccer training |
| Change Red blood cells count | Red blood cells count will be measured using an automatic blood analyzer | At baseline, at 24, 48 and 72 hours after soccer training |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Dietary intake | Dietary intake will be assesed over a 7-day period using diet recalls | At baseline |
| Peak Maximal oxygen consumption (Peak VO2) | Peak VO2 will be estimated by open circuit spirometry via breath by breath method |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Ioannis G Fatouros, Prof | University of Thessaly | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University o Thessaly, School of Physical Education and Sports Science | Trikala | 42100 | Greece |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007249 | Inflammation |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| Change in Hemoglobin level | Hemoglobin level will be measured using an automatic blood analyzer | At baseline, at 24, 48 and 72 hours after soccer training |
| Change in Creatine kinase activity | Creatine kinase activity will be measured in plasma | At baseline, at 24, 48 and 72 hours after soccer training |
| Change in Total antioxidant capacity | Total antioxidant capacity will be measured in plasma | At baseline, at 24, 48 and 72 hours after soccer training |
| Change in Glutathione concentration in blood | Glutathione concentration will be measured in red blood cells | At baseline, at 24, 48 and 72 hours after soccer training |
| Change in countermovement jump height | countermovement jump height will be measured using a force platform | At baseline, at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after soccer training |
| Change in Peak power during coutermovement jump test | The peak power will be measured using a force platform | At baseline, at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after soccer training |
| Change in isometric peak torque of knee extensors and flexors | Isometric peak torque will be assessed on an isokinetic dynamometer | At baseline, at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after soccer training |
| Change in sprint time of 10 m | 10m sprint time will be assessed using light cells | At baseline, at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after soccer training |
| Change in sprint time of 30 m | 30m sprint time will be assessed using light cells | At baseline, at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after soccer training |
| Change in delayed onset of muscle soreness | Muscle soreness will be assessed by palpation of muscle belly and the distal region | At baseline, at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after soccer training |
| At baseline |
| Body Mass | Body Mass will be measured on a beam balance with stadiometer | At baseline |
| Body Height | Body Height will be measured on a beam balance with stadiometer | At baseline |
| Body Fat | Body Fat will be measured by using Dual-emission X-ray absorptiometry | At baseline |
| Lean body mass | Lean body mass will be measured by using Dual-emission X-ray absorptiometry | At baseline |
| Bone mass density | Bone mass density will be measured by using Dual-emission X-ray absorptiometry | At baseline |
| Bone mass content | Bone mass content will be measured by using Dual-emission X-ray absorptiometry | At baseline |
| Field activity during the soccer training | The field activity will be continuously monitored during the soccer training using global positioning system (GPS) | During the 60 minutes soccer training (ST) session (72 hours after baseline measurements) |
| Heart rate during the soccer training | Heart rate will be continuously monitored during the soccer training using heart rate monitors | During the 60 minutes soccer training (ST) session (72 hours after baseline measurements) |
| Systolic Blood Pressure | Systolic Blood Pressure will be examined using sphygmomanometer | At baseline |
| Dystolic Blood Pressure | Dystolic Blood Pressure will be examined using sphygmomanometer | At baseline |
| Rest Heart Rate | The rest heart rate will be estimated using a heart rate monitor | At baseline |