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In Greece, people of different age groups, including young children to older adults, are involved in traditional dance. To date, the well-know benefits of dancing include entertainment, socialization and increased physical activity. However, the acute effects of Greek traditional dancing on health, physical performance and muscle damage indices remain largely unknown. Therefore, the aim of this project is to evaluate the acute effect of Greek traditional dancing on health-, physical performance-, and muscle damage-related parameters by considering the impact of dancing tempo (slow vs moderate vs fast). In a crossover repeated measures design 10 pre- and 10 post-menopausal women will participate in the three dancing sessions of different tempo in a random order.
This study aims at determining the acute effect of Greek traditional dancing on health- and physical performance-related parameters by considering the impact of dancing tempo. Ten pre- and ten postmenopausal women meeting the inclusion criteria will be assigned to a crossover trial. Initially, participants will undergo baseline testing including (i) anthropometrics, (ii) body composition, (iii) physical performance, (iv) physical activity level and (v) dietary intake. After baseline measurements, a 7-day familiarization period will take place, during which participants will practice daily on the three experimental dances. Each dance will be characterized by a different tempo (beats per minute) so that there will be one dance from each tempo category (i.e. slow, moderate and fast). After familiarization, participants will execute in a random order the three dancing sessions, on separate days. Each dancing session will consist of one dance (of either slow or moderate or fast tempo) lasting ~ 3- 4 minutes. During each dance heart rate, oxygen consumption and activity intensity will be continuously monitored. Before and immediately after the dance systolic and diastolic blood pressure, perceived exertion and blood lactate will be measure. In addition, before each dance and at 24 and 48 hours post-dance muscle soreness, muscle strength and resting metabolic rate will be measured and a resting blood sample will be drawn for the assessment of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-menopausal women | Experimental | Pre-menopausal healthy, inactive women that will participate in a random order in three dancing sessions (Greek traditional dancing) of different tempo on non-consecutive days. |
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| Post-menopausal | Experimental | Post-menopausal healthy, inactive women that will participate in a random order in three dancing sessions (Greek traditional dancing) of different tempo on non-consecutive days. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Slow tempo | Other | A single Greek traditional dance of slow tempo lasting 3-4 minutes. |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in blood pressure | Systolic and diastolic blood pressure will be measured using a blood pressure cuff | At baseline and immediately after the dance |
| Change in perceived exertion | Perceived exertion will be rated using the Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion scale, a numerical scale that ranges from 6 (no exertion) to 20 (maximum effort). | At baseline and immediately after the dance |
| Change in blood lactate | Blood lactate will be measured on a portable, automatic lactate analyser using the relevant strips | At baseline and immediately after the dance |
| Change in resting metabolic rate | Resting metabolic rate (kcal) will be assessed using a portable open-circuit indirect calorimeter with a ventilated hood system | At baseline and at 24 hours and 48 hours after the dance |
| Change in delayed-onset of muscle soreness (DOMS) | DOMS of the knee extensors and flexors of both limbs will be evaluated by palpation of the relaxed muscle's belly and distal region with participants rating the perceived soreness on a visual analogue scale ranging from 1 to 10. | At baseline and at 24 hours and 48 hours after the dance |
| Change in maximal isometric voluntary contraction | Maximal isometric voluntary contraction of the knee extensors and flexors of both limbs will be assessed using an isokinetic dynamometer. | At baseline and at 24 hours and 48 hours after the dance |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in red blood cell count | Red blood cell count will be measured using an automatic blood analyzer | At baseline and at 24 hours and 48 hours after the dance |
| Change in hematocrit | Hematocrit will be measured using an automatic blood analyzer |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Healthy pre-menopausal and post-menopausal women
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Dimitrios Draganidis, PhD | University of Thessaly, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Thessaly, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science | Trikala | Thessaly | 42100 | Greece |
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| Moderate tempo | Other | A single Greek traditional dance of moderate tempo lasting 3-4 minutes. |
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| Fast tempo | Other | A single Greek traditional dance of fast tempo lasting 3-4 minutes. |
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| Change in joint range of motion | Knee joint range of motion will be assessed using a manual goniometer | At baseline and at 24 hours and 48 hours after the dance |
| Change in functional performance | Functional performance will be assessed using the movement-based screening tool functional movement screen (FMS) | At baseline and at 24 hours and 48 hours after the dance |
| Change in white blood cell count | White blood cell count will be measured using an automatic blood analyzer | At baseline and at 24 hours and 48 hours after the dance |
| Change in granulocyte count | Granulocyte count will be measured using an automatic blood analyzer | At baseline and at 24 hours and 48 hours after the dance |
| Change in lymphocytes | Lymphocytes will be measured using an automatic blood analyzer | At baseline and at 24 hours and 48 hours after the dance |
| Change in monocytes | Monocytes will be measured using an automatic blood analyzer | At baseline and at 24 hours and 48 hours after the dance |
| Change in creatine kinase concentration | Creatine kinase will be measured using an automatic blood analyzer and commercially available kits | At baseline and at 24 hours and 48 hours after the dance |
| Change in reduced glutathione | Reduced glutathione will be measured spectrophotometrically in red blood cells | At baseline and at 24 hours and 48 hours after the dance |
| Change in oxidized glutathione | Oxidized glutathione will be measured spectrophotometrically in red blood cells | At baseline and at 24 hours and 48 hours after the dance |
| Change in catalase activity | Catalase activity will be measured spectrophotometrically in red blood cells | At baseline and at 24 hours and 48 hours after the dance |
| Change in protein carbonyls | Protein carbonyls will be measured spectrophotometrically in red blood cells | At baseline and at 24 hours and 48 hours after the dance |
| Change in total antioxidant capacity | Total antioxidant capacity will be measured spectrophotometrically in plasma | At baseline and at 24 hours and 48 hours after the dance |
| Change in heart rate | Heart rate will be continuously monitored using heart rate sensors | Through dance session completion, an average of 30 minutes |
| Change in oxygen consumption | Oxygen consumption will be continuously monitored using a portable metabolic system. | Through dance session completion, an average of 30 minutes |
| Change in physical activity | The number of steps performed will be assessed using an accelerometer (ActiGraph Gt3x) | Through dance session completion, an average of 30 minutes |
| At baseline and at 24 hours and 48 hours after the dance |
| Change in hemoglobin | Hemoglobin will be measured using an automatic blood analyzer | At baseline and at 24 hours and 48 hours after the dance |