Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
The aim of this study is to determine the effect of the use of spoons and oral injectors on the level of fear in children with fever in oral medication administration.
Fever is known as a defense mechanism of the body; Increased body temperature in children is one of the symptoms that frighten parents and is among the most common reasons for hospitalization. Pharmacological agents such as paracetamol and ibuprofen are often used in fever management, and if possible, oral administration of the suspension form of the drugs is preferred to reduce invasive practices. However, reasons such as children not liking the taste of the medicine, rejecting the medicine, or spitting or vomiting may cause difficulties in administering the medicine orally. More than one different method is used to administer these drugs, depending on the patient's age, general condition and compliance with the treatment. These; They can be listed as spoon, oral injector, medicine glass. As a result of the examination of the drug administration materials, it was stated that children are fear of the injector when the drugs are given with a injector, they may aspirate, and they do not have appropriate equipment to administer the drug. It is important for nurses to understand children's fears and their causes, to develop interventions to reduce fear, and to minimize possible traumatic effects during the hospitilization process.
In this study, the sample will be divided into two groups: experimental and control, and oral antipyretic medicine will be given by two different methods. An oral injector will be used in the experimental group and an oral medicine spoon will be used in the control group.
Hypotheses of the Study:
H0: There is no significant difference in the effect of the use of spoons and oral injectors in oral medication administration in children on the level of fear in children and parents.
H1: There is a significant difference in the fear level of using spoons and oral injectors in oral medication administration in children.
H2: There is a significant difference in the parents' fear level of using spoons and oral injectors in oral medication administration in children.
H3: There is a significant difference in the heart rate and oxygen saturation of children using spoons and oral injectors for oral medication administration.
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Experimental Group (Oral Injector) | Experimental | Children who use oral injectors to give oral medication will constitute the experimental group. |
|
| Control group (Spoon) | Other | Children who use spoons to give oral medication will constitute the control group. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oral Injector | Procedure |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in the child's fear level | Child Fear Scale is used to measure the level of fear in children. This scale consists of five different facial expressions ranging from 0 = this face is not afraid at all to 4 = the most fear possible. The child and the parents are asked to look at these faces and choose the most appropriate expression to describe their fear. It is used in both children and parents to evaluate fear before and during the procedure | at the time of admission to the hospital, immediately before oral medication administration, immediately after medication administration. The change in these time intervals will be assessed |
| Change in parent's fear level | Child Fear Scale is used to measure the level of fear in children. This scale consists of five different facial expressions ranging from 0 = this face is not afraid at all to 4 = the most fear possible. The child and the parents are asked to look at these faces and choose the most appropriate expression to describe their fear. It is used in both children and parents to evaluate fear before and during the procedure | at the time of admission to the hospital, immediately before oral medication administration, immediately after medication administration. The change in these time intervals will be assessed |
| Change in child's heart rate | This outcome will be considered as one of the vital signs. Heart rate measurement will be evaluated via monitor. | at the time of admission to the hospital, immediately before oral medication administration, immediately after medication administration. The change in these time intervals will be assessed |
| Change in child's oxygen saturation | This outcome obtained with patient monitor. | at the time of admission to the hospital, immediately before oral medication administration, immediately after medication administration. The change in these time intervals will be assessed |
Not provided
Not provided
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acıbadem Health Group, Ataşehir Hospital | Istanbul | Ataşehir | 34750 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 22554162 | Result | Akram G, Mullen AB. Paediatric nurses' knowledge and practice of mixing medication into foodstuff. Int J Pharm Pract. 2012 Jun;20(3):191-8. doi: 10.1111/j.2042-7174.2011.00179.x. Epub 2011 Nov 9. | |
| 35987466 | Result | Alessandrini E, Walsh J, Salunke S. Usability of administration devices for oral and respiratory medicines: Views from a UK primary school. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2022 Sep;178:150-158. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.08.006. Epub 2022 Aug 17. |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| C570706 | spoon protein, Drosophila |
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
|
| Spoon | Procedure |
|
|
| 27810155 | Result | Chiappini E, Venturini E, Remaschi G, Principi N, Longhi R, Tovo PA, Becherucci P, Bonsignori F, Esposito S, Festini F, Galli L, Lucchesi B, Mugelli A, Marseglia GL, de Martino M; Italian Pediatric Society Panel for the Management of Fever in Children. 2016 Update of the Italian Pediatric Society Guidelines for Management of Fever in Children. J Pediatr. 2017 Jan;180:177-183.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.09.043. Epub 2016 Oct 31. |
| 36965592 | Result | Talegaonkar S, Chitlangia A, Pradhan V, More S, Salunke S. Uncovering caregiver concerns: 5 key issues that still remain unresolved in administration of oral medicines for children in India. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2023 Jun;187:166-174. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.03.009. Epub 2023 Mar 23. |
| 36905910 | Result | Turgut MA, Turkmen AS. The effect of lighted toy on reducing pain and fear during blood collection in children between 3 and 6 years: A randomized control trial. J Pediatr Nurs. 2023 May-Jun;70:111-116. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.02.009. Epub 2023 Mar 9. |