The goal of this observational study is to learn about correlation between traditional risk factors and emerging risk factors on the progression of non-target coronary lesions in patients with non-target lesions on at least two coronary angiographies at the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University. The main question it aims to answer is what the correlation between emerging risk factors and progression of coronary non-target lesions, and try to explore the powerful predictors of progression of coronary non-target lesions and cardiovascular events.

Participants will be divided into two groups based on coronary angiography results:

1. progress group:There is at least one major coronary artery (left main artery, left anterior descending artery, left circumflex artery or the right coronary artery) had non-target lesions, and the coronary artery stenosis rate reached the progressive level on follow-up angiography.
2. Non-progress groups: On repeat angiography, the rate of coronary stenosis did not reach progressive levels.

The laboratory and auxiliary examination indexes of the study participants were collected prior to two coronary angiography (CAG) procedures, encompassing blood cell counts, glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, renal function, cardiac function, inflammatory factors, etc. Quantitative flow fraction (QFR) was employed for assigning values to coronary artery images and analyzing lesion information (including plaque progression and non-progression). The correlation between conventional risk factors, lipoprotein(a), homocysteine, and other emerging risk factors with the progression of non-target coronary lesions was analyzed; furthermore, the predictive value of emerging risk factors for non-target coronary lesion progression was evaluated.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age > 18 years old;
2. Participants underwent at least two coronary angiography examinations in our hospital, and the time interval between the two angiography examinations was ≥12 months;
3. At the first angiography, there is 20% to 70% stenosis in the coronary artery lesion, and no indication or condition for intervention.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Participants had a documented medical history of various heart diseases, including congenital heart disease, pulmonary heart disease, valvular disease, cardiomyopathy, etc.
2. Angiography or serum collection was conducted within 7 days following the onset of acute myocardial infarction.
3. Exclusion criteria included uncontrolled severe arrhythmia and severe hepatic and renal dysfunction.
4. Patients with tumor or other autoimmune diseases were excluded from the study.
5. Incomplete clinical information, biochemical test information, coronary angiography data, and imaging data were considered as exclusion factors.

Patients with non-target lesions who underwent at least two instances of coronary angiography at the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University from January 2017 to present were included in the study.

Individual participant data (IPD) utilized in this study were obtained from our hospital's healthcare big data cloud platform. In consideration of the data security and privacy protection for study participants, the sharing of this data with other researchers is currently restricted.