Efficacy and Safety of SBRT Combined With Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab vs Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab in Treating Unresectable Advance Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Efficacy and Safety of SBRT Combined With Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab vs Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab in Treating Unresectable Advance Hepatocellular Carcinoma (SAB - A Prospective Observational Study).

SBRT, atezolizumab, and bevacizumab have different mechanisms of action and can potentially have synergistic effects when combined. SBRT delivers targeted radiation to the tumor, while atezolizumab enhances the immune response, and bevacizumab inhibits angiogenesis. The combination of SBRT with atezolizumab and bevacizumab will result in improved tumor response rates as compared to atezolizumab and bevacizumab alone in patients with advance unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Up until now, no study has been done that has compared SBRT with atezolizumab, and bevacizumab in unresectable advance hepatocellular carcinoma. With this study, investigator aim to study to compare the efficacy and safety of SBRT combined with atezolizumab and bevacizumab versus atezolizumab and bevacizumab alone in the treatment of unresectable advance hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Hypothesis: The combination of SBRT with atezolizumab and bevacizumab will result in improved tumor response rates as compared to atezolizumab and bevacizumab alone in patients with advance unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

AIM:- The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of SBRT combined with atezolizumab and bevacizumab versus atezolizumab and bevacizumab alone in the treatment of unresectable advance hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Study design:

• A prospective observational study.
• Single Centre.
• Open label.
• The study will be conducted in Department of Hepatology, ILBS. Study period: 1 years after ethical approval.

Sample size:

• Assuming that objective response rate with immunotherapy is 30%, further adding SBRT along with immunotherapy is increased by 50% that is objective response rate by adding SBRT is 80% .
• With ⍺-5 and power 80%, investigator need to enroll 36 cases and further adding 10% dropout rate investigator need to enroll 40 cases i.e. 20 in each group.

Monitoring and assessment: All the parameters of the objective and also noted any adverse effects.

Intervention: Nil

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS:

The continuous data will be represented as mean +/- SD or median (IQR). The categorical data will be represented as median (IQR).The comparison of continuous data will be done by using either Student's t test or Mann -Whitney test as appropriate. The Kaplan Meier and Cox regression will be used for survival analysis. Besides this an appropriate analysis will be done at the time of data analysis. P value < 0.05 will be considered as significant.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age; 18-70 years.

2. Unresectable advance HCC with PVTT

3. At least one measurable (measurable according to Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (mRECIST V.1.1)), untreated lesions.

4. Patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection: HBV-DNA <500 IU/mL obtained within 28 days before the start of study treatment and received anti-HBV treatment for at least 28 days before entering the study.

5. Patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection: HCV-DNA <500 IU/mL obtained within 28 days before the start of study treatment and received anti-HCV treatment for at least 28 days before entering the study.

6. Maximum diameter of tumor ≤ 15cm

7. Maximum number of tumor nodules ≤5

8. Liver function: Child-Pugh class A, B7; normal liver volume is more than 800cm3.

9. Karnofsky performance status ≥ 80%

10. The expected survival of the patient is more than 6 months.

11. Agree to accept post-procedure follow-up required by the design of this study.

12. The following conditions are met:

    i. Platelet≥60×109/L; White blood cell≥3.0×109/L; Hemoglobin≥85 g/L; Serum creatinine≤1.4 × upper limit;. PT-INR ≤1.7

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with untreated or incompletely treated esophageal and/or gastric varices with associated bleeding or at high risk of bleeding.

2. Coinfection with HBV and hepatitis C virus (HCV).

3. Symptomatic, untreated or progressively progressive central nervous system (CNS) metastases.

4. The patient cannot receive follow-up or is participating in other clinical trials.

5. Subjects deemed unsuitable for inclusion in this study by the investigator.

6. Current or past autoimmune disease or immunodeficiency.

7. History of leptomeningitis.

8. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, organising pneumonia or evidence of active pneumonia on chest.

9. Known active tuberculosis.

10. Severe infection within 4 weeks prior to initiation of study treatment

11. A potential subject who meets any of the following criteria will be excluded from participation in this study:

    i) Previous radiotherapy to the liver ii) Known current pregnancy iii) Loss of fat planes of tumor with organ at risk like the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, small bowel on CT or on MRI