Effect of Diabetes on Short İmplants in One- and Two-Stage Surgeries

Effects of Diabetes on Two Short Implants Splinted Using One- and Two-stage Techniques: Split-mouth Study With One-year Follow-up.

The goal of this clinical trial is to compare one- and two-stage techniques for short implant surgery in diabetes. The main questions it aims to answer are:

• Is one-stage short implant surgery at risk of implant osseointegration in diabetic patients compared to two-stage surgery?
• Is one-stage short implant surgery associated with a risk of implant survival (at one-year follow-up) in diabetic patients compared to two-stage surgery?
• What are the effects of one- and two-stage short implant surgery on the marginal bone loss or ISQ (implant stability coefficient - resonance frequency analysis device measurement) values of the implant in diabetic patients?

Participants will come for their 3rd, 6th and 12th month controls.

• Participants will receive two adjacent short implants.
• A randomly selected one of these short implants will undergo a one-stage implant surgery, and the other a two-stage implant surgery.
• Data will be obtained through non-invasive evaluation methods during the surgery and subsequent control stages.

Researchers will also test one- and two-stage short implant surgeries in a control group of healthy individuals. Thus, the effects of diabetes on these two techniques will be better understood by comparing them with the healthy control group.

Inclusion Criteria:

• The maxillary and mandibular posterior region (distal part of the canine in each quadrant) must have toothless space for two adjacent short implants.
• The edentulous space must have a vertical bone height of at least 5 mm. (Distance to maxillary sinus and alveolar nerve)
• The edentulous space should not require horizontal bone augmentation. (for implants with diameters 3.7 - 4.1 - 4.7 - 5.3)
• Bleeding on probing should be less than 10%. There should be no pathological pockets in any tooth.
• Participant should not smoke more than 10 cigarettes per day.
• More than 6 months must have passed since the tooth extraction from the edentulous area.
• Should not have bruxism
• If it is diabetes, the HbA1c value should be greater than 6.5, and if it is healthy control, the HbA1c value should be between 4 and 5.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Having psychological problems
• Smoking more than 10 cigarettes per day
• Pregnancy status if female patient
• Having a medication or disease that will cause abnormal post-operative bleeding
• Alcohol and drug use