The study aimed to examine the efficacy and safety of tVNS as a complementary approach for NT1 by conducting a double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial. The specific objectives of the study were as follows: To evaluate the effects of complementary tVNS on the ability to maintain wakefulness, severity of narcolepsy, mood and quality of life in patients with NT1

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age ≥ 12 years old with the ability to understand and complete the self-reported questionnaires
2. The patients met the international classification of sleep disorders third edition (ICSD-3) for NT126
3. Local residence for more than 3 months
4. Willingness to follow the trial plan as scheduled

Exclusion Criteria:

1. History of a clinically defined neurological or sleep disorders other than NT1
2. Any psychiatric disorder involving a history of psychosis
3. Any chronic condition affecting the ability to read or comprehend written instructions
4. Any substances abuse within the past 12 months
5. Pregnant or nursing
6. Metallic implants or devices contraindicating tVNS