The MRI-based Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of EVT and SMT: A Retrospective, Multicenter Study

The MRI-based Evaluation of Safety and Efficacy of EVT and SMT: A Retrospective, Multicenter Study

Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion (ABAO), a condition with a high risk of mortality or disability (up to 80%). The safety and efficacy of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in ABAO remains uncertain due to inconsistent evidence from random controlled trials (RCTs).

Recent studies have explored the use of MRI in ABAO, this study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of EVT and standard medical therapy (SMT) in the treatment of ABAO within 24 hours of onset. It also aims to explore the feasibility and prognostic value of MRI-based assessment of ABAO infarction using AI image analysis software.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Preliminary diagnosis of posterior circulation ischemic stroke based on clinical symptoms or imaging examinations.
2. Confirmation through CTA/MRA/DSA that there is occlusion of the basilar artery or the V4 segment of the vertebral artery leading to functional occlusion of the basilar artery.
3. Age 18 years and older.
4. Symptom onset within 24 hours.
5. Having a baseline MRI evaluation, including at least DWI and T2 FLAIR sequences (baseline MRI for the EVT group before the operation; baseline MRI for the SMT group within the treatment window (within 4.5 hours of onset) for thrombolytic patients before or during the thrombolysis process should initiate as early as possible; baseline MRI for the SMT group for extended treatment window patients (between 4.5 hours to 12 hours of onset) should initiate as early as possible).

Exclusion Criteria:

1. mRS score ≥ 3 before onset;
2. Significant neuroimaging changes such as cerebral hemorrhage, cerebellar mass lesion, acute hydrocephalus, etc., are present;
3. Lack of follow-up results within 90 days after operation;
4. Life expectancy < 3 months;
5. Baseline imaging and crucial clinical data are missing;
6. Special cases involving pregnancy and lactation;
7. Severe systemic diseases or advanced cancer that may potentially interfere with the prognosis;
8. Allergic reactions to contrast agents or nickel-titanium alloys;
9. Currently participating in other clinical trials;
10. Pre-existing neurological disorders or psychiatric conditions that could affect the assessment of the disease.