Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
The study will be conducted to compare the efficacy of ultrasound guided Sacral Erector Spinae Plane Block to caudal block on pain management in penile surgeries in pediatrics.
The erector spinae plane block (ESPB) is a relatively new interfacial plane block that is used for postoperative analgesia in penile surgeries in pediatrics.
The sacral ESPB is a technique known to block the posterior branches of the sacral nerves. Also it blocks the lumbosacral plexus especially the sacral spinal nerves (S2_S4) when applied to high levels.
Caudal epidural block in children is one of the most widely administrated technique of regional anesthesia; it is an efficient way to offer perioperative analgesia for painful sub umbilical interventions. It enables early ambulation, hemodynamic stability and spontaneous breathing in patient groups at maximum risk of difficult airway.
Caudal block is a known worldwide technique but with some risks such as subdural, intra vascular injection, infection, injury to the nerve root or local anesthesia. Therefore, we try a new technique as sacral ESPB.
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Caudal block | Experimental | Patients were received (plain bupivacaine 0.25% 1 mg/kg + 2 % lidocaine 3 mg /kg) in total volume 1ml/ kg max 20 ml via Ultrasound Guided caudal Block. |
|
| Sacral erector spinae | Experimental | Patients were received (plain bupivacaine 0.25% 1 mg/kg + 2 % lidocaine 3 mg /kg) in total volume of 1 ml/ kg maximum 20ml divided in both sides via ultrasound guided sacral erector spinae plain block (ESPB). |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caudal block | Procedure | Patients were received (plain bupivacaine 0.25% 1 mg/kg + 2 % lidocaine 3 mg /kg) in total volume 1ml/ kg max 20 ml via Ultrasound Guided caudal Block. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Time to first rescue analgesic. | The time to first rescue analgesia was measured from the end to surgery till first dose of paracetamol administrated. | 24 hours postoperatively |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Total rescue analgesia consumption | Total analgesic consumption (postoperative paracetamol IV 15 mg/kg) used if FLACC was 4 or more. The Face, Legs, Activity, Cry and Consolability (FLACC) scale is an observational scale The range from 0 to 10 with 0 representing no pain, 10 representing the worst pain | 24 hours postoperatively |
Not provided
Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Male children who undergoing penile surgery.
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tanta University | Tanta | El-Gharbia | 31527 | Egypt |
The data will be available upon a reasonable request from the corresponding author after the end of study for one year.
After the end of study for one year.
The data will be available upon a reasonable request from the corresponding author
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
Not provided
| Sacral erector spinae block | Procedure | Patients were received (plain bupivacaine 0.25% 1 mg/kg + 2 % lidocaine 3 mg /kg) in total volume of 1 ml/ kg maximum 20ml divided in both sides via ultrasound guided sacral erector spinae plain block (ESPB). |
|
| The degree of pain |
The degree of pain was assessed after surgery over 24 hours using Face, Legs, Activity, Cry and Consolability (FLACC) score at time (30 minutes postoperative, 2, 4, 6, 12, 18, 24 hours). FLACC score is used for pain assessment in children between age of 3 to 6 years or individuals that are unable to communicate their pain. The scale is scored in a range of 0 to 10 with 0 representing no pain, 10 representing the worst pain and we start to give rescue analgesia at score 4. |
| 24 hours postoperatively |