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The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential beneficial effects in volunteer young adults of orally administered L. reuteri (DSM 17938 and ATCC PTA 5289) on gingival inflammation. The null hypothesis was that no difference would be manifested by probiotic therapy regarding the conventional mechanical treatment (without probiotic administration).
Aim. To investigate the potential beneficial effects in volunteer young adults of orally daily administered L. reuteri (DSM 17938 and ATCC PTA 5289) on gingival inflammation. The null hypothesis was that no difference would be manifested by probiotic therapy regarding the conventional mechanical treatment (without probiotic administration).
Methods. A randomized controlled parallel clinical trial was conducted in sixty young adults (18-35 yrs old) with chronic marginal gingivitis for one month. Initially, both study groups underwent conventional mechanical periodontal therapy/oral anti-plaque hygiene. However, the experimental group additionally received the administration of two daily tablets, containing both L. reuteri strains, for 30 days, while the control group did not. Different clinical outcome variables (plaque (PI) and gingival (GI) indices, bleeding on probing (BOP), and crevicular fluid volume (CFV)) were recorded and compared between the study groups, both at baseline and at the end of the interventions, 30 days later. Statistical descriptive and inferential tests were performed (data distribution normality, Student's t, and Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney tests).
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Probiotic group | Experimental | The experimental group received conventional mechanical periodontal therapy and oral anti-plaque hygiene training, plus the administration of two daily tablets, containing both L. reuteri strains, for 30 days. |
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| No probiotic group | No Intervention | The control group also received conventional mechanical periodontal therapy and oral anti-plaque hygiene training; however, this group did not receive the administration of the probiotic tablets. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| L. reuteri (DSM 17938 and ATCC PTA 5289) in form of oral tablets | Dietary Supplement | Each subject of the experimental group was instructed to dissolve inside the mouth two tablets per day (in the morning and before going to bed at night), during the experimental period of 30 days. The tablets were provided by BioGaia ProDentis® (Stockholm, Sweden). The tablets contained two strains of L. reuteri (DSM-17938 and ATCC PTA 5289), at a dose of 2 x 108 CFU/tablet. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Gingival index | The Gingival Index (GI) scores each site on a 0 to 3 scale, with 0 being normal and 3, being severe inflammation characterized by edema, redness, swelling, and spontaneous bleeding. | 0, 7, 14, 21 and 30 days. |
| Plaque index | The plaque index assesses the amount of dental plaque visible on the vestibular and lingual surfaces of all teeth, except the third molars. The bacterial plaque developer solution was used to define cumulative amounts of plaque with criteria from 0 to 5. | 0, 7, 14, 21 and 30 days. |
| Bleeding on probing | BOP describes bleeding induced by gentle manipulation of the tissue. The probing is typically completed to the depth of the gingival sulcus, or the area between the gingiva and the tooth. | 0, 7, 14, 21 and 30 days. |
| Crevicular fluid volume | Gingival crevicular fluid is an inflammatory exudate derived from the periodontal tissues. It is composed of serum and locally generated materials such as tissue breakdown products, inflammatory mediators, and antibodies directed against dental plaque bacteria. | 0, 7, 14, 21 and 30 days. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Autónoma de san Luis Potosi | San Luis Potosà City | 78990 | Mexico |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005891 | Gingivitis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007239 | Infections |
| D005882 | Gingival Diseases |
| D010510 | Periodontal Diseases |
| D009059 | Mouth Diseases |
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Both study groups underwent conventional mechanical periodontal therapy/oral anti-plaque hygiene. However, the experimental group additionally received the administration of two daily tablets, containing both L. reuteri strains, for 30 days, while the control group did not.
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The clinical evaluators of the results were unaware that each patient belonged to one of the 2 study groups.
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| D009057 |
| Stomatognathic Diseases |