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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| University Grants Committee, Hong Kong | OTHER_GOV |
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This study aims to assess the effect of mobile health (mHealth) support or financial incentives and their interactive intervention effect on smoking cessation (SC) in old smokers in Hong Kong (HK).
Low-income older smokers are disproportionally harmed by tobacco use and the evidence of effectiveness of smoking cessation (SC) intervention for this deprived group is scarce. Leveraging evidence of effectiveness of mHealth support and financial incentives in other adults, the investigators propose a scalable mHealth and/or financial incentives model using age-friendly components for the deprived older smokers.
The 2x2 factorial design consists of 2 interventions, including (1) smartphone mHealth support by scheduled age-friendly multimedia e-messages and real-time personalized behavioral supports for 3 months, and (2) an escalating incentive scheme for smoking abstinence: HK$500 for using any SC services within 6 months, and HK$1000, 1500 and 2000 for biochemically validated abstinence at 3-, 6- and 12-month, respectively.
The study aims to assess the effectiveness of two interventions and their interactive intervention effect.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mobile health group | Experimental | Smartphone mHealth support for smoking cessation by scheduled age-friendly multimedia e-messages and real-time personalized behavioral supports for 3 months. |
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| Financial incentive group | Experimental | An escalating incentive scheme for smoking abstinence: HK$500 for using any SC services within 6 months, and HK$1000, 1500 and 2000 for biochemically validated abstinence at 3-, 6- and 12-month, respectively. |
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| Combined intervention group | Experimental | Smartphone mHealth support for smoking cessation by scheduled age-friendly multimedia e-messages and real-time personalized behavioral supports for 3 months and an escalating incentive scheme for smoking abstinence: HK$500 for using any SC services within 6 months, and HK$1000, 1500 and 2000 for biochemically validated abstinence at 3-, 6- and 12-month, respectively. |
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| Control group | Active Comparator | Brief advice |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mobile health support | Behavioral |
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The biochemically validated smoking abstinence | Smoking abstinence is defined by exhaled CO < 4 ppm and salivary cotinine <30 ng/ml | the 6-month follow-ups |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The biochemically validated smoking abstinence | Smoking abstinence is defined by exhaled CO < 4 ppm and salivary cotinine <30 ng/ml | the 3- and 12-month follow-ups |
| Self-reported 7-day point-prevalence abstinence |
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Inclusion Criteria:
6. Hong Kong residents able to communicate in Chinese.
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong | Hong Kong | Hong Kong |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D016540 | Smoking Cessation |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015438 | Health Behavior |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D035061 | Control Groups |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015340 | Epidemiologic Research Design |
| D004812 | Epidemiologic Methods |
| D008919 | Investigative Techniques |
| D012107 | Research Design |
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| Financial incentive | Behavioral |
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| Combine intervention | Behavioral |
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| Control group | Behavioral |
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Smokers who did not smoke even a puff in the 7 days preceding the follow-up
| 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups |
| Self-reported smoking change | Self-reported change in number of cigarettes smoked daily of at least less 50% of the baseline number | 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups |
| Self-reported self-efficacy of quitting | Self-reported self-efficacy of quitting includes the perception of quitting importance, difficulty and confidence, assessing by an item scaled with 0-10, respectively. The score of zero refers to very unimportant, very easy, or very unconfident. The score of 10 refers to very important, very difficult or very confident, respectively. Higher score refers to higher perception of quitting importance, difficulty and confidence. | 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups |
| Self-reported quit attempts | Self-reported quit attempt | 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups |
| Nicotine dependence level | Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) | 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups |
| Smoking cessation services use | Using the smoking cessation service from hospitals or government in Hong Kong | 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups |
| Self-reported intention to quit | self-reported intention to quit in next days | 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups |
| D008722 | Methods |