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Currently, continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is the main modality for renal support in critically ill patients with hemodynamic instability. Most studies have investigated the timing of RRT initiation. However, prolonged CRRT demonstrated the association of many unexpected events, such as catheter-related complications, catheter-related blood stream infection, hypotension, hypothermia, tachycardia, and atrial fibrillation. Up to now, there is a lack of evidence regarding the timing of withholding CRRT. The furosemide stress test (FST) is a tool that is easy to use and has more availability. The investigators aimed to apply FST to evaluate renal recovery compared with standard treatment in critically ill patients undergoing CRRT.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Protocol based-furosemide stress test | Experimental | Furosemide at 1.5 mg/kg intravenously |
|
| Standard care | No Intervention | Standard CRRT care without furosemide use during treatment. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Furosemide Injection | Drug | After taking furosemide at 1.5 mg/kg intravenously, if the urine output exceeds 200 mL within 2 hours, the patients are going to withhold CRRT. But if there is no response, the titration of furosemide to 2.5 mg/kg and 3.5 mg/kg every 6 hours is scheduled according to the urine output >200 mL in 2 hours (not exceeding 250 mg). |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| % of patients with Renal recovery | Free of RRT for at least 5 days | 5 days |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| % of patients with Mortality | 28 days all cause mortality and in-hospital mortality | 28 days |
| RRT free days | No need to restart RRT | 28 days |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prit Kusirisin, MD | Contact | +66897574028 | jingprit@hotmail.com |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chiang Mai University | Recruiting | Chiang Mai | 50200 | Thailand |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 29971207 | Result | Park S, Lee S, Jo HA, Han K, Kim Y, An JN, Joo KW, Lim CS, Kim YS, Kim H, Kim DK. Epidemiology of continuous renal replacement therapy in Korea: Results from the National Health Insurance Service claims database from 2005 to 2016. Kidney Res Clin Pract. 2018 Jun;37(2):119-129. doi: 10.23876/j.krcp.2018.37.2.119. Epub 2018 Jun 30. | |
| 27181456 |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D058186 | Acute Kidney Injury |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D051437 | Renal Insufficiency |
| D007674 | Kidney Diseases |
| D014570 | Urologic Diseases |
| D052776 | Female Urogenital Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005665 | Furosemide |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013424 | Sulfanilamides |
| D013449 | Sulfonamides |
| D000577 | Amides |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
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|
|
| Day of Hospitalization | Length of hospital stay and ICU stay | 28 days |
| Ventilator-free day | Number of mechanical ventilator-free day | 28 days |
| % of complication | CRBSI, electrolyte imbalance, urine output | 28 days |
| Cost of RRT during hospitalization | The cost of RRT since the initiation until the end of RRT during hospitalization in US dollar and Thai Baht unit | 28 days |
| Gaudry S, Hajage D, Schortgen F, Martin-Lefevre L, Pons B, Boulet E, Boyer A, Chevrel G, Lerolle N, Carpentier D, de Prost N, Lautrette A, Bretagnol A, Mayaux J, Nseir S, Megarbane B, Thirion M, Forel JM, Maizel J, Yonis H, Markowicz P, Thiery G, Tubach F, Ricard JD, Dreyfuss D; AKIKI Study Group. Initiation Strategies for Renal-Replacement Therapy in the Intensive Care Unit. N Engl J Med. 2016 Jul 14;375(2):122-33. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1603017. Epub 2016 May 15. |
| 27209269 | Result | Zarbock A, Kellum JA, Schmidt C, Van Aken H, Wempe C, Pavenstadt H, Boanta A, Gerss J, Meersch M. Effect of Early vs Delayed Initiation of Renal Replacement Therapy on Mortality in Critically Ill Patients With Acute Kidney Injury: The ELAIN Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2016 May 24-31;315(20):2190-9. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.5828. |
| 30304656 | Result | Barbar SD, Clere-Jehl R, Bourredjem A, Hernu R, Montini F, Bruyere R, Lebert C, Bohe J, Badie J, Eraldi JP, Rigaud JP, Levy B, Siami S, Louis G, Bouadma L, Constantin JM, Mercier E, Klouche K, du Cheyron D, Piton G, Annane D, Jaber S, van der Linden T, Blasco G, Mira JP, Schwebel C, Chimot L, Guiot P, Nay MA, Meziani F, Helms J, Roger C, Louart B, Trusson R, Dargent A, Binquet C, Quenot JP; IDEAL-ICU Trial Investigators and the CRICS TRIGGERSEP Network. Timing of Renal-Replacement Therapy in Patients with Acute Kidney Injury and Sepsis. N Engl J Med. 2018 Oct 11;379(15):1431-1442. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1803213. |
| 32668114 | Result | STARRT-AKI Investigators; Canadian Critical Care Trials Group; Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Clinical Trials Group; United Kingdom Critical Care Research Group; Canadian Nephrology Trials Network; Irish Critical Care Trials Group; Bagshaw SM, Wald R, Adhikari NKJ, Bellomo R, da Costa BR, Dreyfuss D, Du B, Gallagher MP, Gaudry S, Hoste EA, Lamontagne F, Joannidis M, Landoni G, Liu KD, McAuley DF, McGuinness SP, Neyra JA, Nichol AD, Ostermann M, Palevsky PM, Pettila V, Quenot JP, Qiu H, Rochwerg B, Schneider AG, Smith OM, Thome F, Thorpe KE, Vaara S, Weir M, Wang AY, Young P, Zarbock A. Timing of Initiation of Renal-Replacement Therapy in Acute Kidney Injury. N Engl J Med. 2020 Jul 16;383(3):240-251. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2000741. |
| 33812488 | Result | Gaudry S, Hajage D, Martin-Lefevre L, Lebbah S, Louis G, Moschietto S, Titeca-Beauport D, Combe B, Pons B, de Prost N, Besset S, Combes A, Robine A, Beuzelin M, Badie J, Chevrel G, Bohe J, Coupez E, Chudeau N, Barbar S, Vinsonneau C, Forel JM, Thevenin D, Boulet E, Lakhal K, Aissaoui N, Grange S, Leone M, Lacave G, Nseir S, Poirson F, Mayaux J, Asehnoune K, Geri G, Klouche K, Thiery G, Argaud L, Rozec B, Cadoz C, Andreu P, Reignier J, Ricard JD, Quenot JP, Dreyfuss D. Comparison of two delayed strategies for renal replacement therapy initiation for severe acute kidney injury (AKIKI 2): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet. 2021 Apr 3;397(10281):1293-1300. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00350-0. |
| 26022612 | Result | Akhoundi A, Singh B, Vela M, Chaudhary S, Monaghan M, Wilson GA, Dillon JJ, Cartin-Ceba R, Lieske JC, Gajic O, Kashani K. Incidence of Adverse Events during Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy. Blood Purif. 2015;39(4):333-9. doi: 10.1159/000380903. Epub 2015 May 22. |
| 24053972 | Result | Chawla LS, Davison DL, Brasha-Mitchell E, Koyner JL, Arthur JM, Shaw AD, Tumlin JA, Trevino SA, Kimmel PL, Seneff MG. Development and standardization of a furosemide stress test to predict the severity of acute kidney injury. Crit Care. 2013 Sep 20;17(5):R207. doi: 10.1186/cc13015. |
| 29673370 | Result | Lumlertgul N, Peerapornratana S, Trakarnvanich T, Pongsittisak W, Surasit K, Chuasuwan A, Tankee P, Tiranathanagul K, Praditpornsilpa K, Tungsanga K, Eiam-Ong S, Kellum JA, Srisawat N; FST Study Group. Early versus standard initiation of renal replacement therapy in furosemide stress test non-responsive acute kidney injury patients (the FST trial). Crit Care. 2018 Apr 19;22(1):101. doi: 10.1186/s13054-018-2021-1. |
| 33536076 | Result | Lewis M, Bromley K, Sutton CJ, McCray G, Myers HL, Lancaster GA. Determining sample size for progression criteria for pragmatic pilot RCTs: the hypothesis test strikes back! Pilot Feasibility Stud. 2021 Feb 3;7(1):40. doi: 10.1186/s40814-021-00770-x. |
| D005261 |
| Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications |
| D000091642 | Urogenital Diseases |
| D052801 | Male Urogenital Diseases |
| D000814 |
| Aniline Compounds |
| D000588 | Amines |
| D013450 | Sulfones |
| D013457 | Sulfur Compounds |