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This study aims to examine the effect of olfactory mental imagery on physiological parameters, anxiety and symptoms after cardiovascular surgery.
This study was planned to be conducted as a prospective randomized controlled study in the Cardiovascular Surgery service of Istanbul Mehmet Akif Ersoy Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital. The universe of the research; It will consist of patients who are hospitalized in the cardiovascular surgery service and who have undergone cardiovascular surgery. The sample will consist of a total of 90 patients hospitalized in the Cardiovascular Surgery service of the same hospital and meeting the inclusion criteria for the study.
Patient Diagnosis Form, Physiological Parameters Monitoring Form, State Anxiety Inventory and Cardiac Surgery Symptom Inventory will be used to collect data. Data will be collected on days 1, 2, 3 and 4 after surgery. In the study, patients will be divided into two groups: intervention (n = 45) and control (n = 45). The intervention group will perform breathing exercises with the olfactory mental imagery technique.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mental Imagery | Experimental | The Mental Imaging group will receive olfactory mental imagery technique and vagus breathing therapy for 1 hour in the morning and evening on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th days after surgery. In addition, the standard care (breathing exercises with Triflo, early walking, frequent position changes in bed) and treatment plan, which are the standard protocol of the Cardiovascular Surgery Service, will be continued by the clinic nurse and physician. |
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| Control | No Intervention | The control group was given no intervention other than standard care (breathing exercise with Triflo, early ambulation, frequent position changes in bed) and treatment, which is the standard protocol of the Cardiovascular Surgery Service, by the clinic nurse and physician on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th days after surgery. Will not be implemented. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mental Imagery | Behavioral | Olfactory mental imagery is the ability to detect an odor in the absence of any odor stimulus. Participants will be asked to choose their 4 favorite fragrances from 20 different scents (such as rose, lavender scent) determined by the researcher and proven to have positive effects on mind-body therapy. The determined odors will be visualized by the researcher and picture cards measuring 15X12 cm (for example, a card with a rose picture for the rose smell, etc.) will be created. Participants will visualize the smell by looking at the picture cards, so they will be expected to make their breathing exercises more effective. Vagus breathing technique will be combined with olfactory mental imagery. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Vital Signs Observation Form | In this form; body temperature value will be evaluated. | First 4 days after surgery |
| Vital Signs Observation Form | In this form; respiratory rate will be evaluated. | First 4 days after surgery |
| Vital Signs Observation Form | In this form; pulse value will be evaluated | First 4 days after surgery |
| Vital Signs Observation Form | In this form; blood pressure value will be evaluated. | First 4 days after surgery |
| Vital Signs Observation Form | In this form; oxygen saturation value will be evaluated. | First 4 days after surgery |
| Vital Signs Observation Form | In this form; cerebral oxygen saturation value will be evaluated. | First 4 days after surgery |
| State Anxiety Inventory | State Anxiety Inventory measures how the individual expresses himself in a momentary situation. The inventory consists of 20 items in total. In this inventory, each item is on a four-point Likert-type scale consisting of '(1) not at all', '(2) a little', '(3) a lot', '(4) completely' and 1. The total score obtained from the inventory varies between 20-80. High scores from the inventory indicate high anxiety. | First 4 days after surgery |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Cardiac Surgery Symptom Inventory | The inventory consists of 5 subscales: general, cardiac, trunk, lower and upper extremity symptoms. The inventory is in Likert type and is evaluated between 0-4 as "Not at all", "Very little", "Moderate", "A lot", "Quite a lot". The score range to be taken from the inventory varies between 0-140. As scores increase, symptom severity also increases. | Seven days after discharge |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hilal KARTAL | Istanbul | Beylikdüzü | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001008 | Anxiety Disorders |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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randomized controlled (experimental and control group)
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