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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| The Salvation Army, Hong Kong and Macau Command | OTHER |
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The study aimed at comparing the effects of 8-week MBSR programme intervention group with usual care group in reducing parental stress and improving quality of life of parents of children with ADHD in Chinese culture.
This study aimed at comparing the effects of 8-week mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) intervention with usual care in improving the parental stress, quality of life, and the feasibility and acceptability of MBSR of parents of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Chinese context after the coronavirus disease pandemic.
This study was designed as a pilot randomised controlled trial with single-blind repeated measures. By using convenience sampling, 36 parents of children with ADHD were recruited from the Parent Resource Centre of The Salvation Army (Centre), a Non-government Organization in Hong Kong, between July to August 2022. Centre staff invited parents of children aged 3-12 diagnosed with ADHD who can communicate and understand Cantonese to participate. Parents who had physical or severe intellectual disabilities, mental disorders or received any form of psychological intervention or psychiatric services were excluded from this study. All eligible parents were randomized to either the intervention group (n=18) or the usual care group (control) (n=18).
Parents assigned to the intervention group received the MBSR programme and usual services from the Centre. MBSR had eight weekly sessions of 2.5 hours each, plus a whole day retreat in small groups between session 6 and 7. The usual care group remained with usual support from the Centre, with interest activities such as cooking classes or calligraphy classes, but without any other form of intervention during this period.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mindfulness | Experimental | 8-week mindfulness-based stress reduction training |
|
| Placebo | No Intervention | received usual care |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction | Behavioral | An 8-week Mindfulness-based stress reduction training programme |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Self-report of parental stress | self-report of parental stress as measured by Parental Stress Scale (score range from 1-90. The higher the score, the higher the stress level) | immediate after intervention |
| self-report perceived stress | self-report perceived stress as measured by Perceived Stress Scale (score range from 0-56. The higher the score, the higher the stress level) | immediate after intervention |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| self-report mindfulness in parenting | Parental self-reports of adopting mindful parenting strategies as measured by Interpersonal mindfulness in Parenting (Score range from 1-155. The higher score means adopted more mindful in parenting) | At one month after intervention |
| Parent reports of children's ADHD behaviors in the past 6 months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Yim Wah MAK, Ph.D | School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Salvation Army - Hong Kong and Macau Command | Hong Kong | Hong Kong |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 40275428 | Derived | Law TY, Bressington D, Ruan J, Wong WK, Mak YW. The effectiveness of a mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) programme for parents of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a pilot randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychol. 2025 Apr 24;13(1):429. doi: 10.1186/s40359-025-02747-4. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013315 | Stress, Psychological |
| D001289 | Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001526 | Behavioral Symptoms |
| D001519 | Behavior |
| D019958 | Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders |
| D065886 | Neurodevelopmental Disorders |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000099024 | Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D064866 | Mindfulness |
| D015928 | Cognitive Behavioral Therapy |
| D001521 | Behavior Therapy |
| D011613 | Psychotherapy |
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MBSR intervention
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parent reports of children's ADHD symptoms by using the Strengths and Weakness of ADHD symptoms and normal behavior rating scales (score range from +3 far below average to -3 far above average) |
| At one month after intervention |
| self-report quality of life | self-report to access perception of quality of life in four domains including physical, psychological, social relationships and general health (score range from 0 - 100. A higher score indicated a better quality of life) | At one month after intervention |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D004191 |
| Behavioral Disciplines and Activities |