The observation group is the only group of the participants.The elderly individuals will be arranged to undergo a continuous three-week (21 days) duration of systematic simple swallowing training, with weekends off and training conducted only on weekdays, two sessions per day, each lasting 15-30 minutes. Each training session will be conducted approximately one hour prior to meals. Apart from this,we require participants to only engage in daily activities and avoid strenuous and dangerous behaviors

Systematic simple swallowing training includes the following:

Warm-up: including joint activities, chest expansion exercise, etc., totally 5 minutes.

Cognitive swallowing training: play video of food programs for five minutes. Lip training: Bounce the upper and lower lips to make a "bo" sound. 30-60 seconds.

Tongue training: Do the upper, lower, left, and right four-directional movements of the tongue muscle. 30-60 seconds.

Mandibular training: slowly open r mouth to the maximum, then slowly close it. 30-60 seconds.

Soft palate training: Make the sounds of g, k, and h for 1-2 minutes. Cheek puffing training: Close lips tightly and puff cheeks. 30-60 seconds. Swallowing training: We require the elderly to swallow small amounts of water intermittently and forcefully for 2-5 times.

Completing the above content in succession is called a round, and each training session includes 2-3 rounds. 2 sessions a day. Five days a week.

Eating Assessment Tool-10 is a scale used to evaluate swallowing function problems, and is one of the commonly used tools for assessing the swallowing ability of elderly individuals. Eating Assessment Tool-10 stands for 'Eating Assessment Tool-10', and was developed by professional medical institutions in the United States with the aim of quickly assessing potential difficulties and problems during the process of swallowing.The Eating Assessment Tool-10 scale consists of 10 questions that cover different aspects of swallowing function. Each question has a rating score ranging from 0 to 4, indicating the severity of difficulty in swallowing, with 0 representing no problem and 4 representing severe difficulty. The higher the total score, the more severe the swallowing function problem.

We require participants to eat a lunch according to their daily intake and habits, and count the time consumed

The Water Swallow Test was recruited to assess swallowing function in patients at admission. Specifically, patients were instructed to sit and drink 30 ml of warm water. A 5-point scoring system is used as follows:

1. Point: Successful swallowing of water within 5 seconds without coughing.
2. Points: Able to swallow the water once but taking more than 5 seconds or swallowing in two or more attempts without coughing.
3. Points: Able to swallow the water once with coughing.
4. Points: Able to swallow the water in two or more attempts with coughing.
5. Points: Unable to swallow all of the water, frequent coughing. The higher points indicate the worse swallowing function