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From June 2019 to May 2021, we conducted a randomized controlled study, including dysphagic patients with Parkinson's diseases who were admitted to the department of rehabilitation medicine in 3 hospitals in China. The participants were divided randomly into the experimental group and the control group, with 56 in each one. Both two groups were given routine treatment and swallowing rehabilitation training. Moreover, the experimental group was given acupuncture therapy.
From June 2019 to May 2021, we conducted a randomized controlled study, including dysphagic patients with Parkinson's diseases who were admitted to the department of rehabilitation medicine in 3 hospitals in China. The participants were divided randomly into the experimental group and the control group, with 56 in each one. Both two groups were given routine treatment and swallowing rehabilitation training. Moreover, the experimental group was given acupuncture therapy. The study lasted 42 days (6 weeks) for each participant.
Specifically, our main focus is on the study of Lianquan, Shanglianquan (depression between the hyoid bone and the lower border of the mandible), Yifeng, Fengchi, Wangu, Fengfu, Yamen, Neidaying (depression of 1 inch below the anterior margin of the mandible), Jinjin, Yuye, posterior pharyngeal wall (both sides of the uvula).
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| routine treatment+swallowing rehabilitation training+acupuncture therapy | Experimental | The experimental group was given routine treatment and swallowing rehabilitation training. Moreover, the experimental group was given acupuncture therapy. |
|
| routine treatment+swallowing rehabilitation training | Active Comparator | The control group was given routine treatment and swallowing rehabilitation training. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Routine rehabilitation training | Behavioral |
Routine rehabilitation training was performed 30-45 minutes/time, 1-2 times/day, 5-7 days/week. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Penetration-Aspiration Scale-liquid | The Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS) was conducted under video fluoroscopic swallowing study. PAS is a standardized tool used to assess the safety of swallowing. The scale was developed to evaluate the entry of material into the airway (penetration) and the subsequent passage of material below the vocal folds (aspiration) during swallowing. The PAS scale ranges from 1 to 8, with each level representing different degrees of penetration or aspiration. In this assessment, we used 60% barium sulfate suspension A higher level of PAS indicated a severer dysphagia. | day 1 and day 42 |
| Penetration-Aspiration Scale-paste | The Penetration-Aspiration Scale (PAS) was conducted under video fluoroscopic swallowing study. PAS is a standardized tool used to assess the safety of swallowing. The scale was developed to evaluate the entry of material into the airway (penetration) and the subsequent passage of material below the vocal folds (aspiration) during swallowing. The PAS scale ranges from 1 to 8, with each level representing different degrees of penetration or aspiration. In this assessment, we used 180% barium sulfate suspension A higher level of PAS indicated a severer dysphagia. | day 1 and day 42 |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Swallowing time-The oral transit time-liquid | The assessment was conducted under video fluoroscopic swallowing study. A 60% barium sulfate suspension was mixed with different doses of thickening agents. The liquid (60% barium sulfate suspension) was used. A shorter time indicated better swallowing function. | day 1 and day 42 |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Nieto Luis, Master | Site Coordinator of United Medical Group located in Miami | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quanmi Hos. | Pingdong | Taiwan |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 39305459 | Derived | Zeng HJ, Zhao WJ, Luo PC, Zhang XY, Luo SY, Li Y, Li HP, Wang LG, Zeng X. Acupuncture Therapy on Dysphagia in Patients with Parkinson's Disease: A Randomized Controlled Study. Chin J Integr Med. 2025 Mar;31(3):261-269. doi: 10.1007/s11655-024-3668-x. Epub 2024 Sep 21. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010300 | Parkinson Disease |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020734 | Parkinsonian Disorders |
| D001480 | Basal Ganglia Diseases |
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015670 | Acupuncture Therapy |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000529 | Complementary Therapies |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
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All researchers were required to maintain isolation from participants beyond necessary contact and strictly keep confidentiality of research content. We used blind labels to identify participants' intervention or treatment allocation. These labels remained confidential during the research process and were accessible only to researchers and specific staff. In addition, all data collection and assessment were conducted by professionals who were not involved in the intervention and were not aware of the study design to ensure objectivity and independence. All medical staff responsible for the intervention received detailed training before the start of the study to ensure their understanding and proper implementation.
|
| Swallowing rehabilitation training | Behavioral |
|
|
| Acupuncture therapy | Procedure | The whole acupuncture therapy was performed once daily for 5 days per week, including acupuncture needle and tongue needle. Acupuncture needle: Main acupoints: Lianquan, Shanglianquan (depression between the hyoid bone and the lower border of the mandible), Yifeng; Auxiliary acupoints: Fengchi, Wangu, Fengfu, Yamen, Neidaying (depression of 1 inch below the anterior margin of the mandible). Tongue needle (pricking): Acupoints: Jinjin, Yuye, posterior pharyngeal wall (both sides of the uvula). |
|
| Swallowing time-The oral transit time-paste |
The assessment was conducted under video fluoroscopic swallowing study. A 60% barium sulfate suspension was mixed with different doses of thickening agents. The paste (180% barium sulfate suspension) was used. A shorter time indicated better swallowing function. |
| day 1 and day 42 |
| Swallowing time-swallowing reaction time-liquid | The assessment was conducted under video fluoroscopic swallowing study. A 60% barium sulfate suspension was mixed with different doses of thickening agents. The liquid (60% barium sulfate suspension) was used. A shorter time indicated better swallowing function. | day 1 and day 42 |
| Swallowing time-pharyngeal transit time -liquid | The assessment was conducted under video fluoroscopic swallowing study. A 60% barium sulfate suspension was mixed with different doses of thickening agents. The liquid (60% barium sulfate suspension) was used. A shorter time indicated better swallowing function. | day 1 and day 42 |
| Swallowing time-laryngeal closure duration-liquid | The assessment was conducted under video fluoroscopic swallowing study. A 60% barium sulfate suspension was mixed with different doses of thickening agents. The liquid (60% barium sulfate suspension) was used. A shorter time indicated better swallowing function. | day 1 and day 42 |
| Swallowing time-swallowing reaction time-paste | The assessment was conducted under video fluoroscopic swallowing study. A 60% barium sulfate suspension was mixed with different doses of thickening agents. The paste (180% barium sulfate suspension) was used. A shorter time indicated better swallowing function. | day 1 and day 42 |
| Swallowing time-pharyngeal transit time-paste | The assessment was conducted under video fluoroscopic swallowing study. A 60% barium sulfate suspension was mixed with different doses of thickening agents. The paste (180% barium sulfate suspension) was used. A shorter time indicated better swallowing function. | day 1 and day 42 |
| Swallowing time-laryngeal closure duration-paste | The assessment was conducted under video fluoroscopic swallowing study. A 60% barium sulfate suspension was mixed with different doses of thickening agents. The paste (180% barium sulfate suspension) was used. A shorter time indicated better swallowing function. | day 1 and day 42 |
| Nutritional status-body mass index | Patients' body mass index was assessed with the physical check, with the combination of height and body weight. as kg/m^2, reference range: 18.5 kg/m2≤BMI<24 kg/m2. Values below the reference range for these indicators indicated an unsatisfying nutritional status (risk of malnutrition). | day 1 and day 42 |
| Nutritional status-Serum Albumin | Patients' Serum Albumin was assessed from the routine blood test, reference range: 35~50 g/L.Values below the reference range for these indicators indicated an unsatisfying nutritional status (risk of malnutrition). | day 1 and day 42 |
| Nutritional status-Prealbumin | Patients' Prealbumin was assessed from the routine blood test, reference range: 200~400 mg/L.Values below the reference range for these indicators indicated an unsatisfying nutritional status (risk of malnutrition). | day 1 and day 42 |
| Nutritional status-Hemoglobin | Patients' Hemoglobin was assessed from the routine blood test, reference range: males: 120~160 g/L, females: 110~150 g/L. Values below the reference range for these indicators indicated an unsatisfying nutritional status (risk of malnutrition). | day 1 and day 42 |
| Standardized Swallowing Assessment | The Standardized Swallowing Assessment (SSA) consists of three main parts: clinical examination, 5ml water swallow, and daily water intake assessment. The highest score is 46 points, the lowest is 18 points, with lower scores indicating better swallowing function. | day 1 and day 42 |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D009069 | Movement Disorders |
| D000080874 | Synucleinopathies |
| D019636 | Neurodegenerative Diseases |