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This study aims to assess analytical performance of four BGMs and four HbA1c POC devices in comparison to suitable comparator or reference methods, with the view to evaluate performance in the hands of trained users, as well as intended users who are unfamiliar with the system (lay users, for BGMs only). System usability will also be assessed for all BGMs (including lancing devices) and HbA1c devices.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| BGM Evaluation | Other |
| |
| HbA1c evaluation | Other |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CareSens N-Eco (i-Sens), • CareSens N-Premier (i-Sens), CodeFree (SD Biosensor), GlucoNavii GDH (SD Biosensor) | Diagnostic Test | BGM Test |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| BGM Performace | For BGMs: Performance accuracy is based on ISO 15197 criteria, mean relative bias, 95% limits of agreement, and regression slopes of each BGM with respect to two independently validated comparator BGMs (each investigational BGM will be compared to each comparator BGMs independently). | 1 year |
| HbA1c Performance | For HbA1c: Performance accuracy is based on regression slopes, mean relative bias, 95% limits of agreement, and of each HbA1c device versus the reference method and the concordance between capillary and venous blood results. | 1 year |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Comprehension | Proportion of label comprehension, system usability and result/symbol interpretation scale rating per question across all lay users stratified by BGM and lancing device; Total system usability score scale per BGM and lancing device. | 1 year |
| Usability |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Arm 1:
13-17 years, diagnosed with diabetes and able to manage condition independently (ideally at least 10% of total Arm 1 population)
•≥18 years, diagnosed with diabetes
Able and willing to provide informed consent/assent
Naïve to the SMBG use of the investigational devices
10% naïve to any SMBG (defined as not having performed any SMBG in the last 24 months)
Haematocrit within 20-60%
Pre-screen BGM result qualifies for inclusion in any of the five glucose concentration ranges based on % of subjects required to meet the target number per concentration range
Arm 2:
•≥18 years
Exclusion Criteria:
Arm 1:
Arm 2:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Priyanka Singh | Contact | +41786271626 | priyanka.singh@finddx.org | |
| Mugil Murya | Contact | +917032802286 | mugil.murya@finddx.org |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Priyanka Singh | Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND) | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sihanouk Hospital Centre of Hope | Recruiting | Phnom Penh | 12253 | Cambodia |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 42129995 | Derived | Singh P, Lenters-Westra E, Choun K, Fasanmade O, Erkosar B, Watson M, Haldane C, Vetter B. Analytical performance of four HbA1c point-of-care devices: a cross-sectional evaluation in low- and middle-income countries. BMJ Open. 2026 May 12;16(5):e113491. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-113491. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003920 | Diabetes Mellitus |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D044882 | Glucose Metabolism Disorders |
| D008659 | Metabolic Diseases |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D004700 | Endocrine System Diseases |
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Arm 1: Evaluation of BGM's (listed below)
Arm 2: HbA1c evaluation (listed below)
Reference: NGSP-certified HbA1c laboratory method, validated with ERL reference samples
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| Affinion (Abbott), HbA1c 501 (HemoCue), A1Care (iSens), DCA Vantage (Siemens) | Diagnostic Test | HbA1c Test |
|
Proportion of system usability and result/symbol interpretation scale rating per question across all lay users stratified by BGM and lancing device; Total system usability score scale per BGM and lancing device. |
| 1 year |
| Interpretation | Proportion of result/symbol interpretation scale rating per question across all lay users stratified by BGM and lancing device; Total system usability score scale per BGM and lancing device | 1 year |
| Number of errors as observed | Number and type of errors observed; proportion of error type observed per BGM and lancing device . | 1 year |
| Type of errors as observed | Number and type of errors observed; proportion of error type observed per BGM and lancing device . | 1 year |
| Proportion of label comprehension | Proportion of system usability scale rating per question across all healthcare professionals, stratified by HbA1c POC device; Total system usability score scale per HbA1c POC device | 1 year |
| Number of errors as displayed. | Number and type of errors as displayed on the BGM or HbA1c POC devices, stratified by type of user (BGMs only) and device | 1 year |
| Type of errors as displayed | Number and type of errors as displayed on the BGM or HbA1c POC devices, stratified by type of user (BGMs only) and device | 1 year |
| Asociación Colombiana de Diabetes | Not yet recruiting | Bogotá | Bogota D.C. | 111311 | Colombia |
|
| Lagos University Teaching Hospital | Recruiting | Lagos | Nigeria |
|