Retrospective and prospective study on patients suffering from nephrolithiasis who undergo minimally invasive surgery of the upper excretory system; correlation between the phenotypic and genotypic aspects of the patients and the stone pathology treated with an endoscopic surgical approach.

Clinical data will be collected from patients suffering from kidney stones before and after surgery, in order to demonstrate how the endoscopic approach can not only be effective in treating kidney stones but also reduce operative complications.

These data will be collected in a database in order to be able to perform statistical analyzes useful for demonstrating our theory.

Furthermore, data from the surgery will be collected regarding the endoscopic instruments used and the intraoperative findings (site, size, appearance of the stone), degree of calcification of the renal papillae.

All this in order to improve the therapeutic approach to patients suffering from stones and reduce the risk of recurrence over time through the identification of genetic expression patterns that predispose to the expression of the stone phenotype.

Inclusion Criteria:

• subjects suffering from kidney stones or tumors of the upper excretory tract >= 18 years
• signature of informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• subjects < 18 years
• presence of mental or physical disability that may prevent the patient from answering the questionnaires.

Patients suffering from kidney stones who undergo endoscopic surgery