Effect of Smoking Cessation on Salivary IL-1β and PGE-2 Levels Following Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy

Effect of Smoking Cessation on Salivary IL-1β and PGE-2 Levels Following Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of smoking cessation on inflammatory markers following non-surgical treatment of periodontal disease. This is to assess the period of smoking abstinence needed before any periodontal surgery in order to reverse the negative effects of the reported increased levels of inflammatory markers (IL-1β and PGE2 in this study) associated with smoking on the healing and the periodontium.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients with advanced chronic periodontitis upon clinical examination with clinical attachment loss (CAL) more than 5 mm.
• Patients willing to quit smoking to be included in two groups, while patients unwilling to quit smoking to be included in the third group, and the non-smokers as the fourth group.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Any systemic illness known to affect the outcome.
• Systemic antimicrobial or anti-inflammatory drug therapy within the last 3 months prior to the study.
• Patients unable to perform routine oral hygiene procedures.
• Patients using other forms of tobacco.