The goal of this prospective, multicenter, cluster randomized controlled trial is to assess the effectiveness of a shared decision-making tool, "I-Anticoagulation", for anticoagulation management in AF patients. The main questions it aims to answer are:

• whether "I-Anticoagulation" could help improve the rational use of anticoagulants in AF patients;
• whether "I-Anticoagulation" could help increase the adherence and satisfaction of AF patients receiving anticoagulants.

The anticoagulation therapy of AF patients will be determined by clinicians with the use of "I-Anticoagulation", and AF patients will be managed using "I-Anticoagulation" during their anticoagulation therapy.

Researchers will compare the outcomes with the control group, in which patients with AF will receive standard care.

Inclusion Criteria:

• patients who are 18 years or older and have received a new diagnosis of paroxysmal, persistent, or permanent AF confirmed by electrocardiogram (ECG) or 24-hour Holter monitors
• must be willing to participate in the study and sign the informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• those who are pregnant
• those whohave experienced therapeutic or subtherapeutic bleeding complications in the last 6 months
• those who have severe renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance rate, CrCl ≤ 20 ml/min)
• those who have severe hepatic insufficiency (Child-Pugh ≥ 10 points)
• those who have severe heart failure (cardiac function New York Heart Association, NYHA grade IV and above)
• those who have severe infection and respiratory failure
• those who are unable to comply with the study requirements.