PreOperative PreRAdIotherapy Tumour Treating Fields (PORTRAIT) is a Phase I study that will test the safety and feasibility of Optune administered preoperatively and preradiotherapy in patients with a new radiological diagnosis of glioblastoma (GBM). Participants will be required to undergo additional MRI sequencing scans and provide blood, tear fluid and tissue samples over a maximum of 6 months. After the study patients will follow their standard treatment pathway.

Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumour in adults. Its outcomes are poor due to local disease progression in most patients. Current treatment includes surgery followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy 4-6 weeks after surgery. In this time interval, some tumour cells do not receive any treatment. Furthermore, studies show that around half of all glioblastoma patients experience rapid early progression (REP) i.e. growth of the tumour in the time interval between surgery and postoperative chemotherapy/radiotherapy. REP is associated with a shorter survival and there are currently no effective treatments or preventative measures to address it.

Tumour Treating Fields (TTFields), also known as Optune, is a locally applied treatment modality that has contributed to a better survival outcome for glioblastoma patients when used after surgery and chemo-radiotherapy. The investigators hypothesize that earlier treatment using the Optune device before the surgery and between the surgery and postoperative radiotherapy can prevent REP and improve patient outcome. The PORTRAIT (PreOpeRaTive pRerAdIotherapy Ttfields) phase 1 trial will test the safety and feasibility of Optune treatment before surgery and before post-operative radiotherapy in a maximum of 14 patients. Participants will be required to undergo additional MRI sequencing scans and provide blood, tear fluid and tissue samples over a maximum of 6 months.

A non-experimental arm (Non-EA) of 28 patients will allow comparisons of data collected from PORTRAIT experimental arm patients with comparable Standard of Care (SoC) treated patients from the same time frame. This will maximise PORTRAIT's translational and clinically relevant components.

Participants will be invited to the research study if they are over the age of 35 and have a new radiological diagnosis of glioblastoma. All recruitment and treatment will be conducted at the Christie NHS Foundation Trust and Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust.

The study is funded by a research grant from Novocure.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patient is aged >35 years (age range of more likely to suffer from an IDHwt World Health Organisation (WHO) grade 4 astrocytoma)*
• Patient is male or female.
• Patient has a new radiological diagnosis of glioblastoma.
• Patient has a performance status judged by WHO, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score = 0-1.
• Patient has been reviewed by Neuro-oncology multidisciplinary team (MDT - neurosurgeon, clinical oncologist, radiologist and pathologist); MDT consensus that offering study entry is clinically appropriate and safe i.e. patient unlikely to come to harm (e.g. hydrocephalus) from delayed surgery and pre-operative Optune based on available clinical information and imaging.
• PI has confirmed at the first clinic visit that study entry is clinically appropriate and safe (e.g. lack of severe and debilitating symptoms of raised intracranial pressure).
• There is intention to treat the patient with surgical resection and postoperative adjuvant therapy as per current standard of care (40Gy/15 fr or 60Gy/30fr).
• Patient has adequate haematological and biochemical parameters for surgery and contrast agent administration (full blood count and coagulation profile deemed acceptable by clinical team, eGFR >30ml/min).
• Patient has mental capacity to consent for treatment.
• Patient is able and willing to give informed consent

Criteria specific to the experimental arm:

• Patient is able and willing to comply with study protocol requirements to continuously shave their head
• Patient is able and willing to comply with study protocol requirements to wear Optune equipment for the required duration.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with uncontrolled seizures.
• Patients are due to undergo a planned biopsy procedure only.
• Patients have a suspicion of other tumour on CT body scan or known malignancy except non-melanoma skin cancer, completely resected or prostate cancer (with Prostate Specific Antigen of less than or equal to 0.1 ng/ml) within the past three years.
• Patients have contraindications to contrast-enhanced MRI scanning (e.g. claustrophobia, gadolinium allergy).

Anonymised Individual Participant Data (IPD) relating to specified clinical outcomes may be shared upon request. A Sponsor approved Data Management Plan will detail the full sharing criteria and agreements.

Anonymised data will be made freely available following any temporary data embargoes put in place by the funder or from researchers rights to the exclusive use of data (e.g. 6 months).

Appropriate scientific justification, review by Principal Investigator and Trial Management Group, necessary legal contracts e.g. Data Access Agreements in place.