Effective respiratory ventilation is achieved by moving the right amount of air in and out of the lungs while keeping the pressures at a safe level. A disposable safety device, Adult Sotair®, was created to improve manual ventilation delivery. In this non-inferiority study, we will perform a pre-post study design (single group, within-group comparison) to test the non-inferiority of the Adult Sotair® device compared to mechanical ventilation.

Poor manual ventilation technique is a well-documented problem which occurs irrespective of a provider's qualifications or experience. A disposable safety device, Adult Sotair®, was created to improve manual ventilation delivery among providers. The device is attached to a bag valve mask (i.e. manual resuscitator) and employs a flow limiting valve mechanism to minimize excessive pressure in the airway system without venting air by capping peak flow rates at 55 L/min. For an average adult with normal lung compliance and resistance, this corresponds to a maximum airway pressure of approximately 20 cmH2O which minimizes air entry into the stomach. In this non-inferiority study, a pre-post study design (single group, within-group comparison) to test the non-inferiority of the Adult Sotair® device compared to mechanical ventilation with respect to airway pressure.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adult patients who are scheduled for non-emergency surgery with general anesthesia at Rhode Island Hospital.
• American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status 1 and 2

Exclusion Criteria:

• ASA PS >3 (e.g., respiratory disease)
• Oropharyngeal or facial pathology

The IPD that underlie results in a publication will be shared with other researchers.

The SAP will be available at the end of the trial for three years. The data that supports the findings of this study will be available from the corresponding investigator upon reasonable request.

The care provider will not know the recorded lung function recordings.