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This is a prospective observational register-based cohort study with 2 years follow-up with data from the national Swedish Spine Register (Swespine). The aim is to study the differences between anterior and posterior decompression surgery on neck-related disability, headache, and neck- and arm pain in individuals with cervical radiculopathy and headache. Secondary, to study predictive factors for an improvement in neck-related disability, headache and neck- and arm pain after decompression srurgery. All individuals underwent either anterior or posterior decompression surgery and were operated between 2014-2021. Patient-reported data was collected preoperatively (baseline), and at 1- and 2-year follow-ups and surgeon-reported data regarding the operation were collected directly after the operation. Primary outcome is self-reported neck-related disability measured with Neck Disability Index and secondary outcomes are headache, measured with an item about headache of Neck Disability Index, and neck- and arm pain, measured with a 0 to 10-point numeric rating scale.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anterior cervical decompression surgery | Individuals underwent anterior cervical decompression surgery due to cervical radiculopathy |
| |
| Posterior cervical decompression surgery | Individuals underwent posterior cervical decompression surgery due to cervical radiculopathy |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anterior cervical decompression surgery | Procedure | The aim of the surgery is to reduce the compression of the affected nerve. With anterior cervical decompression surgery this is achieved by removing the disc and osteophytes. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Neck Disability Index | To measure neck-specific disability; 0-100 % (0 % = no disability) | Preoperatively to 24 months follow-up |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Headache measured with an item of Neck Disability Index | To measure headache; 0-5 (0 = no headache) | Preoperatively to 24 months follow-up |
| Numeric rating scale | To measure neck and arm pain; 0-10 (0 = no pain) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Patients with cervical radiculopathy combined with headache underwent either anterior cervical decompression surgery or posterior cervical foraminotomy
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Jard Svensson, MSc | Linkoeping University | Principal Investigator |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011843 | Radiculopathy |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010523 | Peripheral Nervous System Diseases |
| D009468 | Neuromuscular Diseases |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007796 | Laminectomy |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019637 | Orthopedic Procedures |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D019299 | Decompression, Surgical |
| D013514 | Surgical Procedures, Operative |
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| Posterior cervical foraminotomy with or without laminectomy | Procedure | The aim of the surgery is to reduce the compression of the affected nerve. With posterior cervical decompression surgery more space is created for the nerve by widening the foramina where the nerve exits |
|
| Preoperatively to 24 months follow-up |
| Bakground variables | To measure gender, age, body mass index, educational level, smoker/non-smoker, | Preoperatively |
| Duration of neck pain | To measure duration of neck pain; 0-4 (4 = more than 2 years) or 0-2 (2 = more than 2 years) | Preoperatively |
| Duration of arm pain | To measure duration of arm pain; 0-4 (4 = more than 2 years) or 0-2 (2 = more than 2 years) | Preoperatively |
| Work status | To measure the patient's work status; working (student), age retirement, sick leave, disability pension | Preoperatively |
| Consumption of pain-relieving drugs | To measure the consumption of pain-relieving drugs; 0-2 (0 = no consumption) | Preoperatively |
| Walking ability | To measure the walking ability; ≤ 1 km or > 1 km | Preoperatively |
| Specific questions about operation data | To study the operation and any complications reported by the surgeon. | Immediately after the operation |
| Self-reported other diseases that greatly limit the quality of life | To measure self-reported other diseases that greatly limit the quality of life; Yes or No (heart disease, neurological disease, cancer, others disease that limitswalking ability, other disease that causes pain) | Preoperatively |
| EQ-5D-3L index | To measure health-related quality of life ; -0.594 - 1 (1 = best possible health status) | Preoperatively |
| D019635 | Neurosurgical Procedures |