This is a prospective, monocentric, observational cohort study whose main objective is to describe the number and rate of patients who developed DSAs (Donor Specific Antibody) at 6 months post-surgery with implantation of a cryopreserved lung homograft.

Lung homograft is used in a large number of complex malformations. It is accepted that homografts may induce immune reactions in the recipient, but no immunological studies have been carried out to characterize the recipient's immune reactions to the homograft and their potential impact on valve function. In this project, the authors propose to study the immunizing character of cryopreserved lung homografts by identifying the appearance of antibodies directed against the HLA, DSA (Donor Specific Antibodies) molecules of the graft (lung homograft) at 1 month and 6 months after its surgical implantation.The primary objective will be analyzed by describing the rate of patients who developed DSA at 6 months post-surgery with implantation of a cryopreserved lung homograft.

Inclusion Criteriafor control patients:

• Patient receiving a cryopreserved pulmonary valve homograft
• Patient aged 14 or over
• Signature of consent by adult patients/parents/guardians and assent by children

Inclusion Criteriafor patients with lung homograft :

• Patientsreceiving a cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation and without lung homograft

Exclusion Criteria for both group

• Emergency surgery patient
• Pregnant women or childbirth within the last 6 months
• Transfusion during the surgery or within the last 6 months
• Patient with DSAs detected before the surgery
• Patient with anti-HLA antibodies (non-DSAs) detected before the surgery