This is a retrospective, researcher-initiated, database-based study that will retrospectively observe the treatment and medication patterns of about 22,500 patients with heart failure from 25 heart failure centers and 25 non-heart failure centers in the database of heart failure center. The proportion of patients with heart failure treatment drugs reaching the target dose recommended in the guidelines and discontinuation rate will be observed at 1 month, 3 months and 12 months follow up time point. The purpose of this study is to illustrate the current HF treatment status in HF center hospitals and non-HF center hospitals, which may provide insights for improving the clinical practice of heart failure treatment in China, and promote the standardization of heart failure treatment in China.

Inclusion Criteria:

• An index HF diagnosis date in the records
• Age ≥ 18 years old at initial diagnosis date
• HF patients baseline characteristic record

The study population will include HF patients extracted from the HF centers Database. The enrolment of HF cases was via the consecutive sampling. In this study, the study time frame is from 2021.09 to 2023.03. The index date will be defined as the discharge date after the first HF admission (inpatient) record shown in the database, (i.e., the discharge date is the date entry into the HF centers Database). Given that previous treatment condition of these patients before the enrolment in this database is unknown, the baseline information was only collected at the index date. Patient follow-ups were scheduled at 1 month, 3 months and 12 months after the first discharge. The window of follow-up was set for ±14 days.