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Postoperative pain negatively effects respiratory functions in open heart surgeries. The aim of the study is to compare the effects of thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) and erector spinae plane block (ESPB) on postoperative pain and respiratory functions in patients undergoing open heart surgery with sternotomy
Thoracic epidural catheter was inserted to patients in Group T at the T4-T5 vertebra level before induction of general anesthesia. And then local anesthetic infusion was started until postoperative 48. hours.
Bilateral erector spinae plan block was applied with total 40 ml of local anesthetic solution to patients in Group E at the T4-T5 vertebra level before induction of general anesthesia.
The control group was infused with 1 mcg/kg/min fentanyl during the surgery. In the postoperative period, 1 g paracetamol was infused 4 times a day.
All patients underwent general anesthesia with the same method and medications.
Tramadol/diclofenac was administered to patients with a pain score (NRS) above 4. NRS and tidal volumes (TV) of the patients were measured at 0, 2, 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48. hours after extubation. Postoperative mechanical ventilation durations, intensive care unit and hospital stays, additional analgesic needs and respiratory complications of the patients were recorded.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Thoracic epidural analgesia | Active Comparator | Thoracic epidural analgesia have been started preoperatively and coninuoed until postoperative 48 hours |
|
| Erector spinae plane block | Active Comparator | Erector spinae plane blockwas applied preoperatively |
|
| Intravenous opioid analgesia | No Intervention | Intravenous opioid analgesia was administered during the surgery |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thoracic epidural analgesia | Procedure | Thoracic epidural analgesia was started preoperatively and rest posoperative 48 hours |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Postoperative pain | Patients were asked about their pain levels. Rating done with VRS (Verbal Rating Scale). Pain levels were evaluated between 0 and 10 points. 0: No pain (the best)….. 10: Unbearable pain (the worst) | Postoperative 48 hours |
| Respiratory functions | Oxygen requirement:If more than 4 l/min oxygen support via face mask is required to maintain peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) above 90%, it is defined as oxygen requirement. Tachypnea:more than 20/min Fever: more than 37 C celcius Non invasive mechanical ventilation requirement:To patients whose breathing is impaired after extubation (who have tachypnea and have SpO2 less than 90% despite receiving oxygen support of more than 4 l/min oxygen support via face mask) | Postoperative 48 hours |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Analgesic requirement. When the VRS was more than 4 points | diclofenac (75 mg), tramadol (50mg) | Postoperative 48 hours |
| Intensive care and hospital stay | time for Intensive care and hospital (hours and days, respectively) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Engin Ertürk, Prof. Dr | Karadeniz Technical University, Medical Faculty, Anesthesiology and Intensive Care | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Engin Ertürk | Ortahisar | Trabzon | 61080 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
all collected IPD
starting12 months after publication
analyst and investigators
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The effects of thoracic epidural analgesia and erector spinae plane block on postoperative pain were compared with the control group.
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Participants did not know which method was applied to them. Those who evaluated the research results did not know the groups
| Erector spinae plane block | Procedure | Erector spinae plane block was applied preoperatively using local anesthetic |
|
| postoperative 30 days |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010149 | Pain, Postoperative |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011183 | Postoperative Complications |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D010146 | Pain |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013662 | Tea |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D028321 | Plant Preparations |
| D001688 | Biological Products |
| D045424 | Complex Mixtures |
| D001628 | Beverages |
| D000066888 | Diet, Food, and Nutrition |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |
| D019602 | Food and Beverages |
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