Physiotherapy program comprised two parts early mobilization and CPT. They could be divided into different levels depended on patients' ability. In terms of the levels of early mobilization, first level was defined as patients who could only receive passive patterns of exercise. Second level would be executed to patient who could only take exercise on the bed or with back support. Third level would be implemented when patients could advance to receive physiotherapy beside the bed without support. The eventual level would be conducted when patients was able to leave beds by their own. In line with chest physiotherapy, level I was defined as patients who could only receive passive lung hygiene protocol. Level II would be executed when patient can control their breath and cough by their own. Level III would be implemented when patient can maintain their body steadily and finish the chest physiotherapy protocol.

no physiotherapy involved

Early mobilization:early mobilization has been confirmed its positive effectiveness on cutting down the MV use days and mortality rate, attenuating the side effect such as muscle strength loss and functional activity dysfunction resulting from ICU acquired weakness among the patients with mechanical ventilation.

Chest physiotherapy:a common technique to reduce the respiratory complications in ICU, has been proved certain positive influence on airway clearance and hospital lengths of stay.

Weaning success was defined as patients being free from MV or BiPAP for 5 days based on Taiwan

the mortality rate of respiratory care center

the mortality rate during the hospital course