Urdu Translation and Validation of MLHFQ

Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Urdu Version of the Minnesota Living With Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) Among Individuals With Heart Failure

• To translate the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ) questionnaire into Urdu language of Pakistan.
• To determine the validity and reliability of cross cultural adapted and Urdu translated MLHFQ questionnaire version among HF patients.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients with chronic heart failure who sought treatment at the outpatient cardiology clinic.
• Who could read and write in Urdu and English language and are willing to participate in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Decline consent
• Communication barriers or cognitive disorder as well as those with exacerbated condition and those who were not available for re-test were excluded from the study.