Efficacy of VR Educational Program on Empathy and Attitudes Toward Dementia in Caregivers

Efficacy of Virtual Reality Educational Program on Empathy and Attitudes Toward Dementia in Caregivers

This randomized controlled trial evaluated a single-session virtual reality (VR) dementia simulation with guided small-group reflection compared with a time-matched, instructor-led lecture. A total of 227 caregivers of people with a formal diagnosis of dementia were enrolled and randomized. Empathy and attitudes toward dementia were assessed at baseline, immediately after the session, and 1 month after the session. Caregiver burden and psychological distress were assessed at baseline and 1 month after the session.

This study used a parallel, two-arm randomized controlled design to evaluate a VR-based dementia simulation for caregiver education. A total of 227 caregivers of people with a formal diagnosis of dementia were enrolled and randomized to either (1) a single 3-hour VR dementia simulation delivered in three consecutive segments, each followed by guided small-group reflection (intervention), or (2) an instructor-led dementia education lecture of equal duration (control). Empathy and attitudes toward dementia were assessed at baseline, immediately post-session, and 1 month post-session. Caregiver burden and psychological distress were assessed at baseline and 1 month post-session.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Over 20 years;
2. Speak Chinese;
3. Currently providing care to a person with a formal diagnosis of dementia (paid formal caregivers or unpaid family caregivers).

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Those who are unable to use VR devices due to certain physical or mental situations;
2. Those who have fear/disgust for VR devices;
3. Those who feel dizzy after using VR devices;
4. For family caregivers: the care recipient is currently residing in a care facility.